Development of Microalgae Biodiesel: Current Status and Perspectives

Microalgae are regarded as a promising source of biodiesel. In contrast with conventional crops currently used to produce commercial biodiesel, microalgae can be cultivated on non-arable land, besides having a higher growth rate and productivity. However, microalgal biodiesel is not yet regarded as economically competitive, compared to fossil fuels and crop-based biodiesel; therefore, it is not commercially produced. This review provides an overall perspective on technologies with the potential to increase efficiency and reduce the general costs of biodiesel production from microalgae. Opportunities and challenges for large-scale production are discussed. We present the current scenario of Brazilian research in the field and show a successful case in the research and development of microalgal biodiesel in open ponds by Petrobras. This publicly held Brazilian corporation has been investing in research in this sector for over a decade.

Automated summary

Microalgae are considered a promising source of biodiesel due to their ability to be cultivated on non-arable land and high growth rate. However, microalgal biodiesel is currently not economically competitive compared to fossil fuels and crop-based biodiesel, hence not commercially produced. This review discusses technologies to increase efficiency and reduce costs of microalgal biodiesel production, as well as opportunities and challenges for large-scale production. The successful case of microalgal biodiesel research and development by Petrobras in Brazil is presented.