期刊
MICROORGANISMS
卷 11, 期 2, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020345
关键词
morel cultivation; edible mushrooms; mating types; conidia; morel life cycle; ultrastructure; gamete; spermatia
类别
Morels, a type of edible fungi belonging to the Ascomycete genus Morchella, are highly valued by gourmet chefs worldwide. This study focused on the mitospores of M. sextelata and found that they may function more as gamete-like structures rather than traditional conidia. This research contributes to a better understanding of the life cycle of economically and ecologically important morel fungi.
Morels, which belong to the Ascomycete genus Morchella, are highly valued edible fungi treasured by gourmet chefs worldwide. Some species are saprotrophic and others are able to form facultative mycorrhizal-like associations with plant roots without establishing true ectomycorrhizal symbioses. In general, it is considered that the formation of asexual spores, or mitospores, is an important step in the life cycle of morels. However, ultrastructure characterization and physiological attributes of morel mitospores have received little attention. In this contribution, the mitospores of M. sextelata were successfully induced under laboratory conditions and their ultrastructure, occurrence, germination, physiological characteristics and mating type gene structure were studied. Mitospore production was closely related to aeration, nutrition and humidity conditions. The average germination rate of mitospores on different media and under various induction stimuli was very low, with an average of 1/100,000. Based on the ultrastructure characterization, low germination rate, growth rate decline, rapid aging and mating genotyping, it was concluded that the mitospores of M. sextelata had lost their conventional function as conidia and might act more as mate sperm-like (gamete) structures. Thus, this study contributed to a deeper understanding of the life cycle of the economically and ecologically important morel fungal group.
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