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Research Progress on Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Diabetic Retinopathy

ANTIOXIDANTS (2022)

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Review Food Science & Technology

Quercetin: an effective polyphenol in alleviating diabetes and diabetic complications

Lei Yan et al.

Summary: Various studies have shown that quercetin has beneficial therapeutic effects in various human diseases, including diabetes. Quercetin has significant anti-diabetic effects and may be helpful in lowering blood sugar and increasing insulin sensitivity. It also has positive effects in preventing and ameliorating diabetic complications, possibly due to its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties.

CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION (2023)

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Article Cell Biology

Drp1 knockdown represses apoptosis of rat retinal endothelial cells by inhibiting mitophagy

Hongxi Wu et al.

Summary: Drp1 plays a role in regulating mitophagy and affects the progression of diabetic retinopathy. Inhibition of Drp1 can reduce apoptosis in rat retinal endothelial cells and prevent the occurrence of mitophagy.

ACTA HISTOCHEMICA (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Differentiating Microaneurysm Pathophysiology in Diabetic Retinopathy Through Objective Analysis of Capillary Nonperfusion, Inflammation, and Pericytes

Dong An et al.

Summary: Microaneurysms are influenced by capillary nonperfusion, pericyte loss, and inflammation in diabetic retinopathy. These factors were found to be independent predictors of microaneurysm size. Nonperfusion alone without pericyte loss or inflammation was not a significant predictor of microaneurysm leakage.

DIABETES (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Activation mechanism of PINK1

Zhong Yan Gan et al.

Summary: The research on the activation mechanism of PINK1 using crystallography and cryo-electron microscopy revealed the orientation of unphosphorylated yet active PINK1 on mitochondria, conformational changes to an active ubiquitin kinase state, and the role of regulatory PINK1 oxidation. The study also elucidates how PINK1 interacts with the mitochondrial outer membrane and suggests that PINK1 activity may be modulated by mitochondrial reactive oxygen species.

NATURE (2022)

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Review Cell Biology

The assembly, regulation and function of the mitochondrial respiratory chain

Irene Vercellino et al.

Summary: The mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system is essential for cellular metabolism, driving ATP production through the electron transport chain. Recent studies have provided insights into the organization, assembly, and mechanisms of the respiratory complexes, including the formation of larger assemblies such as respiratory supercomplexes, and their roles in physiology.

NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY (2022)

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Review Cell Biology

Molecular mechanisms and consequences of mitochondrial permeability transition

Massimo Bonora et al.

Summary: Mitochondrial permeability transition, mediated by the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, causes flux of low molecular weight solutes across the inner mitochondrial membrane, triggering various cellular responses. Recent studies have shed light on the molecular nature and mechanisms of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, paving the way for understanding mitochondrial biology and its pathophysiological consequences.

NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Selenium and Resveratrol Attenuated Diabetes Mellitus-Mediated Oxidative Retinopathy and Apoptosis via the Modulation of TRPM2 Activity in Mice

Hatice Daldal et al.

Summary: This study investigates the protective effects of selenium and resveratrol on optic nerve oxidative injury caused by excessive calcium influx and mitochondria reactive free oxygen radical (mitROS) generation-mediated activation of the TRPM2 channel. The findings suggest that these treatments can reduce injury and apoptosis by downregulating TRPM2 activity.

BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Cell Biology

High glucose induced inflammation is inhibited by copper chelation via rescuing mitochondrial fusion protein 2 in retinal pigment epithelial cells

M. Aloysius Dhivya et al.

Summary: Studies have shown elevated copper levels in the serum of individuals with diabetes, and copper chelation with penicillamine has been found to reduce the effects of high glucose and copper on retinal pigment epithelial cells, protecting the cells from mitochondrial damage and inflammation.

CELLULAR SIGNALLING (2022)

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Article Ophthalmology

Effect of Sirt3 on retinal pigment epithelial cells in high glucose through Foxo3a/PINK1-Parkin pathway mediated mitophagy

Li Huang et al.

Summary: This study reveals that Sirt3 can activate mitophagy through the Foxo3a/PINK1-Parkin pathway in high-glucose environment, reducing apoptosis in retinal pigment epithelium cells. This provides a new direction for understanding the pathogenesis and developing potential therapeutic targets for diabetic retinopathy.

EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Cell Biology

Thyroid stimulating hormone aggravates diabetic retinopathy through the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway

Dong Lin et al.

Summary: DR is a common complication of diabetes, with high TSH levels being associated with an increased prevalence; TSH may regulate glucose-induced PCs loss through mitochondrial apoptosis involving TSHR.

JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pharmacological Inhibition of Spermine Oxidase Suppresses Excitotoxicity Induced Neuroinflammation in Mouse Retina

Moaddey Alfarhan et al.

Summary: The study reveals that inhibiting the SMOX pathway can reduce neuroinflammation in the retina and upregulate antioxidant signaling.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2022)

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Review Cell Biology

Extrusion of mitochondria: Garbage clearance or cell-cell communication signals?

Konstantin G. Lyamzaev et al.

Summary: Extracellular mitochondria play a key role in intracellular and extracellular signaling pathways, potentially leading to inflammatory responses. The engulfment of extracellular mitochondria contributes to cellular bioenergetics, but further research is needed.

JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Prohibitin inhibits high glucose-induced apoptosis via maintaining mitochondrial function in human retinal capillary endothelial cells

Li Zhang et al.

Summary: This study investigates the protective effect of Prohibitin (PHB) on diabetic retinopathy (DR) by maintaining mitochondrial function and protecting vascular endothelial cells against apoptosis. The results show that PHB overexpression attenuates high glucose-induced apoptosis in human retinal capillary endothelial cells (HRCECs) by regulating mitochondrial homeostasis. These findings provide experimental evidence supporting the potential protective effects of PHB on DR.

EXPERIMENTAL AND THERAPEUTIC MEDICINE (2022)

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Review Medicine, Research & Experimental

Serum levels of copper and zinc in diabetic retinopathy: Potential new therapeutic targets (Review)

Ana Maria Dascalu et al.

Summary: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a microvascular disorder caused by long-term effects of diabetes, and it is associated with decreased serum zinc concentration and increased copper levels. These abnormalities are correlated with the duration of diabetes and HbA1C levels, and the pathological mechanisms include excessive zinc excretion and increased release of copper ions.

EXPERIMENTAL AND THERAPEUTIC MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Oncology

Genipin protects against mitochondrial damage of the retinal pigment epithelium under hyperglycemia through the AKT pathway mediated by the miR-4429/JAK2 signaling axis

Wenshuang Xu et al.

Summary: Genipin protects RPE cells from mitochondrial damage induced by high glucose by promoting the AKT signaling pathway and regulating the expression of the miR-4429/JAK2 signaling axis.

ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Ophthalmology

Inhibition of Drp1 ameliorates diabetic retinopathy by regulating mitochondrial homeostasis

Meng-Yuan Zhang et al.

Summary: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a potential blinding complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) with mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired mitophagy playing important roles. This study found that high glucose induced mitochondrial fission and dysfunction in retinal vascular endothelial cells (RMECs) through the PKCE/Drp1 signaling pathway. HG also suppressed mitophagy by down-regulating the PINK1/Parkin signaling pathway. Further research showed that Drp1 promoted the separation of Hexokinase II (HK-II) from mitochondria, thus inhibiting HK-II-PINK1-mediated mitophagy. In vivo experiments demonstrated that Mdivi-1 and Rapamycin could reverse intraretinal microvascular abnormalities in STZ-induced DR rats. These findings provide new insights into the regulation of mitochondrial homeostasis and potential treatment strategies for DR.

EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH (2022)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Polyol pathway and redox balance in diabetes

Sourbh Suren Garg et al.

Summary: Diabetes is a major public health issue globally, and its development is closely related to oxidative stress and redox imbalance, with the polyol pathway being the main trigger of oxidative stress.

PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Redoxisome and diabetic retinopathy: Pathophysiology and therapeutic interventions

Isha Sharma et al.

Summary: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major cause of vision loss and blindness in people with diabetes mellitus, and redox reactions play a crucial role in its development. Thioredoxins and thioredoxin-interacting proteins are important regulators of cellular redox homeostasis, and their dysregulation is associated with DR. Understanding the molecular mechanisms and pathophysiological roles of the redoxisome and the TRX/TXNIP redox signaling complex is essential for developing effective treatment strategies for DR.

PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH (2022)

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Review Cell Biology

Organelle-specific autophagy in inflammatory diseases: a potential therapeutic target underlying the quality control of multiple organelles

Ren-Qi Yao et al.

Summary: The structural integrity and functional stability of organelles are crucial for cell viability and responsiveness. Dysfunction of multiple organelles is involved in the pathogenesis and progression of various diseases. Organelle-specific autophagy plays a beneficial role in inflammatory disorders by eliminating damaged organelles and maintaining homeostasis.

AUTOPHAGY (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

Mitochondrial DNA stress triggers autophagy-dependent ferroptotic death

Changfeng Li et al.

Summary: The study reveals that zalcitabine, an antiviral drug, can suppress pancreatic cancer cell growth through inducing ferroptosis, a type of cell death. This effect is mediated by zalcitabine-induced mitochondrial DNA stress and the activation of a DNA sensing pathway, leading to cell death via lipid peroxidation. Genetically or pharmacologically inhibiting this pathway reduces the anticancer effects of zalcitabine.

AUTOPHAGY (2021)

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Article Orthopedics

Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission is involved in oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced AF cella poptosis

Wei Wu et al.

Summary: Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) induces annulus fibrosus (AF) cell death through a mitochondria-related pathway, involving enhanced mitochondrial fission. Inhibiting Drp1 expression may be a viable strategy for preventing intervertebral disc degeneration caused by hyperlipidemia.

JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Mitochondrial disorders of the OXPHOS system

Erika Fernandez-Vizarra et al.

Summary: Mitochondrial disorders are common inborn errors of metabolism, primarily due to dysfunction of the oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS). Around half of diagnosed cases have a known genetic cause, often involving pathogenic variants in genes encoding structural subunits or factors directly involved in ETC assembly.

FEBS LETTERS (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Novel Short-Chain Quinones to Treat Vision Loss in a Rat Model of Diabetic Retinopathy

Abraham Daniel et al.

Summary: Diabetic retinopathy is a common cause of blindness, with mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress playing a central role in the disease. Mitoprotective compounds, particularly short-chain quinones, show potential for effective and fast-acting treatment against DR in a rat model.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Lipid metabolism dysregulation in diabetic retinopathy

Julia Busik

Summary: This review article discusses the potential benefits of lipid-lowering drugs for the prevention and treatment of diabetic retinopathy. While fibrates have shown improvement in DR, there is a disconnect between their effects in the retina and blood lipid levels. The article also highlights lipid and lipoprotein-independent mechanisms that may play a role in retinal protection.

JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Decreased lncRNA SNHG16 Accelerates Oxidative Stress Induced Pathological Angiogenesis in Human Retinal Microvascular Endothelial Cells by Regulating miR-195/mfn2 Axis

Rui Zhang et al.

Summary: This study identified the functional role of SNHG16 in pathological angiogenesis by HMRECs induced by oxidative stress and provided evidence that decreased SNHG16 accelerates this process by regulating the miR-195/mfn2 axis, suggesting SNHG16 as a potential therapeutic target for DR.

CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN (2021)

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Editorial Material Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Cardiac Mitochondrial Transplantation The Force Awakens

Borja Ibanez et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

670nm photobiomodulation modulates bioenergetics and oxidative stress, in rat Muller cells challenged with high glucose

Hannah J. Nonarath et al.

Summary: Research suggests that 670nm light therapy can alleviate early inflammatory responses and oxidative stress in diabetic retinopathy (DR), preventing the occurrence of related mechanisms.

PLOS ONE (2021)

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Article Hematology

Real-Life Management of Central and Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion: A Seven-Year Follow-Up Study

Alessandro Arrigo et al.

Summary: Both CRVO and BRVO patients showed significant improvement in visual acuity and central macular thickness after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor/dexamethasone treatments, with the best improvement achieved at specific time points and maintained stability throughout the follow-up period. Ischemia was associated with significantly worse outcome.

THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

RasGRP2 inhibits glyceraldehyde-derived toxic advanced glycation end-products from inducing permeability in vascular endothelial cells

Jun-ichi Takino et al.

Summary: Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are formed by the non-enzymatic reaction of sugars and proteins, with glyceraldehyde-derived toxic AGEs (TAGE) being associated with various diseases, especially diabetic retinopathy (DR). Ras guanyl nucleotide releasing protein 2 (RasGRP2) has been found to play a crucial role in protecting vascular permeability by preventing the adverse effects of TAGE, indicating its potential as a protective factor for AGE-induced DR therapy.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2021)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Lactucaxanthin protects retinal pigment epithelium from hyperglycemia-regulated hypoxia/ER stress/VEGF pathway mediated angiogenesis in ARPE-19 cell and rat model

Rani Elavarasan Anitha et al.

Summary: Hyperglycemia-induced biochemical changes promote angiogenesis in diabetic retinopathy. Lactucaxanthin, a lettuce carotenoid, shows protective effects against hyperglycemia-induced angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo diabetic models by modulating antioxidant enzyme activity and reducing cell migration. The results suggest that lactucaxanthin may serve as a potential alternative therapy for preventing or delaying the progression of DR by preserving retinal pigment epithelium function and maintaining tight junction protein expression.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Glucosamine protects against neuronal but not vascular damage in experimental diabetic retinopathy

Rachana Eshwaran et al.

Summary: The study found that glucosamine may have a protective effect on diabetic retinopathy, but may cause damage to the blood vessels in the normal retina.

MOLECULAR METABOLISM (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

PAI-1 in Diabetes: Pathophysiology and Role as a Therapeutic Target

Rawan Altalhi et al.

Summary: Hypofibrinolysis is a key abnormality in diabetes, with elevated levels of PAI-1 playing a significant role. Strategies to inhibit PAI-1 function may lead to new antithrombotic agents that reduce vascular complications in diabetes.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Mitochondrial DNA Methylation and Human Diseases

Andrea Stoccoro et al.

Summary: Epigenetic modifications of the nuclear genome and mitochondrial genome are involved in the pathogenesis of human diseases, with altered methylation levels of mitochondrial DNA found in patients affected by various diseases. Environmental factors and genetic variants can impact mtDNA methylation patterns. Some studies questioned the presence of DNA methylation marks in the mitochondrial genome, while others linked mtDNA methylation to changes in gene transcription and replication, potentially contributing to mitochondrial impairment in human diseases.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Physiological and Pathological Roles of Aldose Reductase

Mahavir Singh et al.

Summary: Aldose reductase (AR) plays a key role in the development of diabetic complications, and its inhibition may have both beneficial and harmful effects. Research suggests that inhibition of AR could modify the effects of cardiovascular disease, asthma, neuropathy, sepsis, and cancer.

METABOLITES (2021)

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Article Ophthalmology

Exendin-4 inhibits high glucose-induced oxidative stress in retinal pigment epithelial cells by modulating the expression and activation of p66Shc

Nasser Al Sabaani

Summary: Exendin-4 protects against high glucose-induced damage in adult human retinal pigment epithelial-19 cells by modulating levels and activation of p(66)Shc, increasing antioxidants, downregulating NADPH, and inhibiting mitochondria-mediated apoptosis.

CUTANEOUS AND OCULAR TOXICOLOGY (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Association of advanced glycation end products with diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Lingwen Ying et al.

Summary: This study found a positive association between AGEs levels and diabetic retinopathy (DR), with higher AGEs associated with more severe DR. The predictive value of AGEs for DR was similar to that of glycated hemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c), but AGEs showed higher efficacy in early screening for vision-threatening DR (VTDR). Non-invasive measurement of skin AGEs may be a more suitable indicator for poor prognosis of hyperglycemia compared to HbA(1c).

DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE (2021)

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Article Ophthalmology

VDAC1 regulates mitophagy in NLRP3 inflammasome activation in retinal capillary endothelial cells under high-glucose conditions

Jie Xie et al.

Summary: The study revealed that VDAC1-mediated mitophagy plays a crucial role in regulating NLRP3 inflammasome activation in retinal capillary endothelial cells under high-glucose conditions. VDAC1 overexpression promoted PINK1 expression, inhibited NLRP3 activation, and altered cell biological behaviors under high-glucose conditions.

EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Ophthalmology

Inactivation of cysteine 674 in the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2 causes retinopathy in the mouse

Gang Liu et al.

Summary: The inactivation of C674 may lead to retinopathy similar to type 1 diabetes by promoting apoptosis, suggesting that SERCA2 could be a potential target for the prevention and treatment of diabetic retinopathy.

EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Oncology

Nuclear PKR in retinal neurons in the early stage of diabetic retinopathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Viviane Aline Oliveira Silva et al.

Summary: PKR can be localized in the nuclei of retinal neurons in the early stages of diabetic retinopathy, with its activity potentially demonstrated through the expression of p-eIF2-alpha in the nucleus. However, apoptotic cells were not detected in the retina during this early stage of DR. The study proposes a model involving mtRNA and Alu RNA in the suppression of retinal neuron apoptosis by PKR.

MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS (2021)

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Review Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Targeting oxidative stress in disease: promise and limitations of antioxidant therapy

Henry Jay Forman et al.

Summary: Oxidative stress plays a role in various diseases, and understanding the mechanisms behind antioxidants and how to enhance antioxidant defences may lead to greater pharmacological success.

NATURE REVIEWS DRUG DISCOVERY (2021)

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Article Toxicology

Melatonin prevents blood-retinal barrier breakdown and mitochondrial dysfunction in high glucose and hypoxia-induced in vitro diabetic macular edema model

Zeynep Banu Doganlar et al.

Summary: The study shows that melatonin can protect retinal pigmented epithelial cells from apoptosis by regulating mitochondrial dynamics and reducing cell hyperpermeability. These findings suggest that melatonin may have therapeutic potential in DME by targeting signaling in mitochondria.

TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO (2021)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Hu-Zhang-Qing-Mai-Yin Inhibits Proliferation of Human Retinal Capillary Endothelial Cells Exposed to High Glucose

Yuan-Yuan Yu et al.

Summary: HZQMY showed anti-DR effects by inhibiting proliferation and promoting mitochondria-related apoptosis of HRCECs exposed to high glucose possibly through regulating P38 and NF-kappa B signaling pathway. The constituents of HZQMY were analyzed by LC-MS/MS and 27 main chemical components were identified. Proteomic analysis suggested HSPA4, MAPK3, ENO1, EEF2 and ERPS as candidate targets involved in the mechanism of HZQMY in HRCECs.

FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Nox2 impairs VEGF-A-induced angiogenesis in placenta via mitochondrial ROS-STAT3 pathway

Chengjun Hu et al.

Summary: The study reveals that Nox2 deficiency facilitates angiogenesis by inhibiting the VEGF-A and STAT3 pathway, and reducing VEGF-A expression through inducing ROS production in pigs' vascular endothelial cells. The findings suggest that Nox2 could be a potential therapeutic target for increasing VEGF-A expression to promote angiogenesis, and also serve as a prognostic indicator for fetus with IUGR.

REDOX BIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Astragalus Polysaccharide Regulates miR-182/Bcl-2 Axis to Relieve Metabolic Memory through Suppressing Mitochondrial Damage-Mediated Apoptosis in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells

Li-Mo Gao et al.

Summary: APS alleviates mitochondrial damage and apoptosis induced by metabolic memory by regulating the miR-182/Bcl-2 axis, potentially serving as a new strategy for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy.

PHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

The relationship between aldose reductase gene C106T polymorphism and the severity of retinopathy in Type 2 diabetic patients: A case-control study

Diala Walid Abu-Hassan et al.

Summary: The C106T polymorphism increased the risk of developing retinopathy in Jordanian Type 2 diabetic patients. The T allele of ALR2 was associated with DR, but there was no correlation between the severity of DR and this polymorphism.

JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES (2021)

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Article Ophthalmology

Taurine Protects Retinal Cells and Improves Synaptic Connections in Early Diabetic Rats

Yichao Fan et al.

CURRENT EYE RESEARCH (2020)

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Review Pathology

Mitochondrial Dynamics and Its Involvement in Disease

David C. Chan

ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY: MECHANISMS OF DISEASE, VOL 15, 2020 (2020)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Mitochondrial Defects Drive Degenerative Retinal Diseases

Deborah A. Ferrington et al.

TRENDS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE (2020)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Advanced glycation end products induce immature angiogenesis in in vivo and ex vivo mouse models

Lixian Chen et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY (2020)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Retinopathy in a Diet-Induced Type 2 Diabetic Rat Model and Role of Epigenetic Modifications

Renu A. Kowluru

DIABETES (2020)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Impact of Glucose Level on Micro- and Macrovascular Disease in the General Population: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Frida Emanuelsson et al.

DIABETES CARE (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Singlet oxygen generation by the reaction of acrolein with peroxynitrite via a 2-hydroxyvinyl radical intermediate

Leticia C. P. Goncalves et al.

FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE (2020)

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Review Cell Biology

Interplay between compartmentalized NAD+ synthesis and consumption: a focus on the PARP family

Michael S. Cohen

GENES & DEVELOPMENT (2020)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

High glucose augments ROS generation regulates mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis via stress signalling cascades in keratinocytes

Huma Rizwan et al.

LIFE SCIENCES (2020)

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Review Multidisciplinary Sciences

Mitochondrial TCA cycle metabolites control physiology and disease

Inmaculada Martinez-Reyes et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2020)

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Review Cell Biology

Sphingolipids and Mitochondrial Dynamic

Lais Brigliadori Fugio et al.

CELLS (2020)

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Article Neurosciences

Effect of high glucose condition on glucose metabolism in primary astrocytes

Kelly Staricha et al.

BRAIN RESEARCH (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Mitochondrial Ceramide Effects on the Retinal Pigment Epithelium in Diabetes

Yan Levitsky et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2020)

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Article Cell Biology

Lutein reverses hyperglycemia-mediated blockage of Nrf2 translocation by modulating the activation of intracellular protein kinases in retinal pigment epithelial (ARPE-19) cells

Arpitha Haranahalli Shivarudrappa et al.

JOURNAL OF CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING (2020)

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Review Urology & Nephrology

Dicarbonyl-mediated AGEing and diabetic kidney disease

Alexandra Dimitropoulos et al.

JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY (2020)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Impaired nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) metabolism in diabetes and diabetic tissues: Implications for nicotinamide-related compound treatment

Lan Fan et al.

JOURNAL OF DIABETES INVESTIGATION (2020)

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Correction Nutrition & Dietetics

Multi-Tissue DNA Methylation Remodeling at Mitochondrial Quality Control Genes According to Diet in Rat Aging Models (vol 12, 1786, 2020)

Patrizia D'Aquila et al.

NUTRIENTS (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Epigenetics and Mitochondrial Stability in the Metabolic Memory Phenomenon Associated with Continued Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy

Renu A. Kowluru et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2020)

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Article Cell Biology

Loss of β-catenin via activated GSK3β causes diabetic retinal neurodegeneration by instigating a vicious cycle of oxidative stress-driven mitochondrial impairment

Xing-Sheng Shu et al.

AGING-US (2020)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Preclinical and clinical studies of photobiomodulation therapy for macular oedema

Weiyong Shen et al.

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Lutein and zeaxanthin attenuates VEGF-induced neovascularisation in human retinal microvascular endothelial cells through a Nox4-dependent pathway

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Impairment of Autophagy Causes Superoxide Formation and Caspase Activation in 661 W Cells, a Cell Line for Cone Photoreceptors, under Hyperglycemic Conditions

Koichiro Taki et al.

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Article Cell Biology

Downregulation of Drp1 and Fis1 Inhibits Mitochondrial Fission and Prevents High Glucose-Induced Apoptosis in Retinal Endothelial Cells

Dongjoon Kim et al.

CELLS (2020)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Update on the Effects of Antioxidants on Diabetic Retinopathy: In Vitro Experiments, Animal Studies and Clinical Trials

Jose Javier Garcia-Medina et al.

ANTIOXIDANTS (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Protective Effect of Fenofibrate on Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis in Retinal-Choroidal Vascular Endothelial Cells: Implication for Diabetic Retinopathy Treatment

Ying-Jung Hsu et al.

ANTIOXIDANTS (2020)

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Review Ophthalmology

Nutritional and medical food therapies for diabetic retinopathy

Ce Shi et al.

EYE AND VISION (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Cell Types of the Human Retina and Its Organoids at Single-Cell Resolution

Cameron S. Cowan et al.

CELL (2020)

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Review Cell Biology

Mitochondria in skin health, aging, and disease

Annapoorna Sreedhar et al.

CELL DEATH & DISEASE (2020)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Tuning fatty acid oxidation in skeletal muscle with dietary fat and exercise

Andreas Maechel Fritzen et al.

NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY (2020)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Diabetic Retinopathy: The Role of Mitochondria in the Neural Retina and Microvascular Disease

David J. Miller et al.

ANTIOXIDANTS (2020)

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Mitochondrial Transfer and Regulators of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Function and Therapeutic Efficacy

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Hydrogen Sulfide: A Potential Therapeutic Target in the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy

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INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE (2020)

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Effects of Diabetes on Mitochondrial Morphology and Its Implications in Diabetic Retinopathy

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INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE (2020)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Oxidative stress and diabetic retinopathy: Molecular mechanisms, pathogenetic role and therapeutic implications

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REDOX BIOLOGY (2020)

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DNA Methylationa Potential Source of Mitochondria DNA Base Mismatch in the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy

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MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY (2019)

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Mitochondrial fusion and maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis in diabetic retinopathy

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BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE (2019)

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High-glucose induces retinal pigment epithelium mitochondrial pathways of apoptosis and inhibits mitophagy by regulating ROS/PINK1/Parkin signal pathway

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Notoginsenoside R1 Ameliorates Diabetic Retinopathy through PINK1-Dependent Activation of Mitophagy

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CELLS (2019)

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Epigenetics in Human Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes

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Tanshinone IIa protects retinal endothelial cells against mitochondrial fission induced by methylglyoxal through glyoxalase 1

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Astragalus polysaccharides suppresses high glucose-induced metabolic memory in retinal pigment epithelial cells through inhibiting mitochondrial dysfunction-induced apoptosis by regulating miR-195

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MOLECULAR MEDICINE (2019)

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DIABETOLOGIA (2019)

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Epigallocatechin-3-gallate stimulates autophagy and reduces apoptosis levels in retinal Muller cells under high-glucose conditions

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Lutein upregulates the PGC-1α, NRF1, and TFAM expression by AMPK activation and downregulates ROS to maintain mtDNA integrity and mitochondrial biogenesis in hyperglycemic ARPE-19 cells and rat retina

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miRNA-451a regulates RPE function through promoting mitochondrial function in proliferative diabetic retinopathy

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Auranofin Mediates Mitochondrial Dysregulation and Inflammatory Cell Death in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells: Implications of Retinal Neurodegenerative Diseases

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Interaction between microglia and retinal pigment epithelial cells determines the integrity of outer blood-retinal barrier in diabetic retinopathy

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Epigenetic Modifications Compromise Mitochondrial DNA Quality Control in the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy

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Uncoupled turnover disrupts mitochondrial quality control in diabetic retinopathy

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JCI INSIGHT (2019)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Effects and Mechanisms of Tea for the Prevention and Management of Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetic Complications: An Updated Review

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Increased Hepatic PDGF-AA Signaling Mediates Liver Insulin Resistance in Obesity-Associated Type 2 Diabetes

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Time-lapse microscopy of oxidative stress demonstrates metabolic sensitivity of retinal pericytes under high glucose condition

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The effects of high glucose exposure on global gene expression and DNA methylation in human pancreatic islets

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Targeting human 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase to mitochondria protects cells from high glucose-induced apoptosis

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ENDOCRINE (2018)

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Ceramide channels and mitochondrial outer membrane permeability

Marco Colombini

JOURNAL OF BIOENERGETICS AND BIOMEMBRANES (2017)

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Protective effect of mitochondria-targeted peptide MTP-131 against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in RGC-5 cells

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MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS (2017)

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TXNIP regulates mitophagy in retinal Muller cells under high-glucose conditions: implications for diabetic retinopathy

Takhellambam Swornalata Devi et al.

CELL DEATH & DISEASE (2017)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Mitochondrial dynamics in type 2 diabetes: Pathophysiological implications

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REDOX BIOLOGY (2017)

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Role of PARP-1 as a novel transcriptional regulator of MMP-9 in diabetic retinopathy

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

New insights: A role for O-GlcNAcylation in diabetic complications

Sherket B. Peterson et al.

CRITICAL REVIEWS IN BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (2016)

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Diabetic retinopathy and transcriptional regulation of a small molecular weight G-Protein, Raci

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Dynamic DNA methylation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in the development of diabetic retinopathy

Renu A. Kowluru et al.

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The antioxidant effect of ubiquinone and combined therapy on mitochondrial function in blood cells in non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy: A randomized, double-blind, phase IIa, placebo-controlled study

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REDOX REPORT (2016)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Altered DNA methylation of glycolytic and lipogenic genes in liver from obese and type 2 diabetic patients

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MOLECULAR METABOLISM (2016)

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CpG methylation patterns of human mitochondrial DNA

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Oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage and diabetic retinopathy

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BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE (2015)

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Epigenetic Alterations in Human Liver From Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes in Parallel With Reduced Folate Levels

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JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM (2015)

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Oxidative stress and epigenetic modifications in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy

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PROGRESS IN RETINAL AND EYE RESEARCH (2015)

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A REDD1/TXNIP pro-oxidant complex regulates ATG4B activity to control stress-induced autophagy and sustain exercise capacity

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NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2015)

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Estrogen prevents high-glucose-induced damage of retinal ganglion cells via mitochondrial pathway

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Improving mitochondrial bioenergetics under ischemic conditions increases warm ischemia tolerance in the kidney

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Epigenetic Modification of Mitochondrial DNA in the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy

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INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE (2015)

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Lipotoxicity Augments Glucotoxicity-Induced Mitochondrial Damage in the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy

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Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor α Protects Capillary Pericytes in the Retina

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Targeting mitochondrial cardiolipin and the cytochrome c/cardiolipin complex to promote electron transport and optimize mitochondrial ATP synthesis

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Altered DNA Methylation and Differential Expression of Genes Influencing Metabolism and Inflammation in Adipose Tissue From Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes

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DIABETES (2014)

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Retinal neuroprotective effects of quercetin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

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Epigenetic modifications of Nrf2-mediated glutamate-cysteine ligase: implications for the development of diabetic retinopathy and the metabolic memory phenomenon associated with its continued progression

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FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE (2014)

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PKR is activated by cellular dsRNAs during mitosis and acts as a mitotic regulator

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Ischaemic accumulation of succinate controls reperfusion injury through mitochondrial ROS

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Effects of L-Carnitine on High Glucose-Induced Oxidative Stress in Retinal Ganglion Cells

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Transcellular degradation of axonal mitochondria

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2014)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Ceramide: A simple sphingolipid with unique biophysical properties

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The Mitochondrial Complex I Inhibitor Rotenone Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Activation of GSK-3β in Cultured Rat Retinal Cells

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Epigenetic Modifications of Keap1 Regulate Its Interaction With the Protective Factor Nrf2 in the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy

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Sirt1, a Negative Regulator of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 in Diabetic Retinopathy

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DNA methylation of the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP1R) in human pancreatic islets

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BMC MEDICAL GENETICS (2013)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Mitochondria Damage in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Retinopathy and in the Metabolic Memory Associated with its Continued Progression

Renu A. Kowluru

CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (2013)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Using the Past to Inform the Future: Anti-VEGF Therapy as a Road Map to Develop Novel Therapies for Diabetic Retinopathy

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DIABETES (2013)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Regulation of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 by Epigenetic Modifications and the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy

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DIABETES (2013)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Associations between UCP1-3826A/G, UCP2-866G/A, Ala55Val and Ins/Del, and UCP3-55C/T Polymorphisms and Susceptibility to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Case-Control Study and Meta-Analysis

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PLOS ONE (2013)

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Article Ophthalmology

Epigenetic Modification of Sod2 in the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy and in the Metabolic Memory: Role of Histone Methylation

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INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE (2013)

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Transcription Factor Nrf2-Mediated Antioxidant Defense System in the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy

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INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE (2013)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Sphingolipid Metabolism Cooperates with BAK and BAX to Promote the Mitochondrial Pathway of Apoptosis

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CELL (2012)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Impact of an Exercise Intervention on DNA Methylation in Skeletal Muscle From First-Degree Relatives of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

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DIABETES (2012)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Mechanisms of modified LDL-induced pericyte loss and retinal injury in diabetic retinopathy

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DIABETOLOGIA (2012)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Increased DNA Methylation and Decreased Expression of PDX-1 in Pancreatic Islets from Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Beatrice T. Yang et al.

MOLECULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY (2012)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Genome-Wide Analysis of DNA Methylation Differences in Muscle and Fat from Monozygotic Twins Discordant for Type 2 Diabetes

Rasmus Ribel-Madsen et al.

PLOS ONE (2012)

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Review Multidisciplinary Sciences

Mitochondrial Fission, Fusion, and Stress

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SCIENCE (2012)

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Downregulation of Mitochondrial Connexin 43 by High Glucose Triggers Mitochondrial Shape Change and Cytochrome c Release in Retinal Endothelial Cells

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INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE (2012)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Abrogation of MMP-9 Gene Protects Against the Development of Retinopathy in Diabetic Mice by Preventing Mitochondrial Damage

Renu A. Kowluru et al.

DIABETES (2011)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Insulin promoter DNA methylation correlates negatively with insulin gene expression and positively with HbA1c levels in human pancreatic islets

B. T. Yang et al.

DIABETOLOGIA (2011)

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Article Ophthalmology

U83836E Inhibits Retinal Neurodegeneration in Early-Stage Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Hong Wang et al.

OPHTHALMIC RESEARCH (2011)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

DNA methyltransferase 1, cytosine methylation, and cytosine hydroxymethylation in mammalian mitochondria

Lisa S. Shock et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2011)

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Article Ophthalmology

Novel Role of Mitochondrial Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 in the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy

Ghulam Mohammad et al.

INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE (2011)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Role of Mitochondrial DNA Damage in the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy, and the Metabolic Memory Phenomenon Associated with Its Progression

Sally A. Madsen-Bouterse et al.

ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING (2010)

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Editorial Material Cell Biology

HMGB1 A novel Beclin 1-binding protein active in autophagy

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AUTOPHAGY (2010)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Improvement of Retinal Vascular Injury in Diabetic Rats by Statins Is Associated With the Inhibition of Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Pathway Mediated by Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ Coactivator 1α

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DIABETES (2010)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Matrix metalloproteinase-2 in the development of diabetic retinopathy and mitochondrial dysfunction

Ghulam Mohammad et al.

LABORATORY INVESTIGATION (2010)

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Article Neurosciences

Taurine protects transformed rat retinal ganglion cells from hypoxia-induced apoptosis by preventing mitochondrial dysfunction

Ka Chen et al.

BRAIN RESEARCH (2009)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Effect of Transient and Permanent Permeability Transition Pore Opening on NAD(P)H Localization in Intact Cells

Jean Francois Dumas et al.

JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY (2009)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Evaluation of N(epsilon)-(3-formyl-3,4-dehydropiperidino)lysine as a novel biomarker for the severity of diabetic retinopathy

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DIABETOLOGIA (2008)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Epigenetic regulation of PPARGC1A in human type 2 diabetic islets and effect on insulin secretion

C. Ling et al.

DIABETOLOGIA (2008)

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Review Food Science & Technology

Acrolein: Sources, metabolism, and biomolecular interactions relevant to human health and disease

Jan F. Stevens et al.

MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH (2008)

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Article Neurosciences

High glucose induces caspase-independent cell death in retinal neural cells

A. R. Santiago et al.

NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE (2007)

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Acrolein, a toxicant in cigarette smoke, causes oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in RPE cells: Protection by (R)-alpha-lipoic acid

Lihong Jia et al.

INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE (2007)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pigment epithelium-derived factor inhibits advanced glycation end product-induced retinal vascular hyperpermeability by blocking reactive oxygen species-mediated vascular endothelial growth factor expression

Sho-ichi Yamagishi et al.

JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY (2006)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Effect of R-(+)-α-lipoic acid on experimental diabetic retinopathy

J Lin et al.

DIABETOLOGIA (2006)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Increased sorbitol pathway activity generates oxidative stress in tissue sites for diabetic complications

IG Obrosova

ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING (2005)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Paradoxical effects of green tea (Camellia sinensis) and antioxidant vitamins in diabetic rats - Improved retinopathy and renal mitochondrial defects but deterioration of collagen matrix glycoxidation and cross-linking.

GT Mustata et al.

DIABETES (2005)

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Article Ophthalmology

Proposed international clinical diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema disease severity scales

CP Wilkinson et al.

OPHTHALMOLOGY (2003)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Ceramide: second messenger or modulator of membrane structure and dynamics?

WJ van Blitterswijk et al.

BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL (2003)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

Quantitation and molecular species determination of diacylglycerols, phosphatidylcholines, ceramides, and sphingomyelins with gas chromatography

KY Tserng et al.

ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY (2003)

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Review Multidisciplinary Sciences

Biochemistry and molecular cell biology of diabetic complications

M Brownlee

NATURE (2001)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Activation of the hexosamine pathway leads to deterioration of pancreatic β-cell function through the induction of oxidative stress

H Kaneto et al.

JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY (2001)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Hyperglycemia-induced mitochondrial superoxide overproduction activates the hexosamine pathway and induces plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 expression by increasing Sp1 glycosylation

XL Du et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2000)

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Article Physiology

Etomoxir-induced PPARα-modulated enzymes protect during acute renal failure

D Portilla et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-RENAL PHYSIOLOGY (2000)

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