☆ 4.7 Review

The Four Ws of the Fourth Dose COVID-19 Vaccines: Why, Who, When and What

VACCINES (2022)

相关参考文献

注意：仅列出部分参考文献，下载原文获取全部文献信息。

Article Pathology

Signals of Significantly Increased Vaccine Breakthrough, Decreased Hospitalization Rates, and Less Severe Disease in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 Caused by the Omicron Variant of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in Houston, Texas

Paul A. Christensen et al.

Summary: The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 has rapidly spread worldwide and is now responsible for the majority of COVID-19 cases. A study found that patients infected with Omicron were younger, had higher vaccine breakthrough rates, and were less likely to be hospitalized compared to patients with other variants. They also required less respiratory support and had shorter hospital stays, indicating reduced disease severity.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Antibody Response to a Fourth Messenger RNA COVID-19 Vaccine Dose in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Case Series

Sophie Caillard et al.

ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Letter Oncology

COVID-19 mRNA booster vaccines elicit strong protection against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in patients with cancer

Cong Zeng et al.

CANCER CELL (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Letter Oncology

Efficacy of booster doses in augmenting waning immune responses to COVID-19 vaccine in patients with cancer

Lauren C. Shapiro et al.

CANCER CELL (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccine boosters induce neutralizing immunity against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant

Wilfredo F. Garcia-Beltran et al.

Summary: Recent surveillance has identified the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant, which carries up to 36 mutations in the spike protein and has the potential to evade vaccine-induced immunity. This study found that individuals vaccinated with mRNA vaccines exhibited strong neutralization of the Omicron variant, while most vaccinees had weak neutralization. The study also revealed that the Omicron variant infects more efficiently than other tested variants.

CELL (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Immunology

Neutralization of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Omicron Variant by Sera From BNT162b2 or CoronaVac Vaccine Recipients

Lu Lu et al.

Summary: Immune sera from BNT162b2 and Coronavac recipients showed reduced neutralizing antibody titers against the omicron variant. The presence of the spike R346K mutation did not affect the neutralization susceptibility.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Factors Associated with Change in SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Titers from Three to Six Months after the Administration of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine among Healthcare Workers in Japan: A Prospective Study

Takeshi Mochizuki et al.

Summary: This study evaluated the change in SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers among healthcare workers 3 to 6 months after receiving the BNT162b2 vaccine. The results showed that older workers had lower antibody titers compared to younger ones, and there was a decrease in titers from 3 to 6 months. This suggests that older individuals should be aware of declining antibody titers 6 months after vaccination.

INTERNAL MEDICINE (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Association Between 3 Doses of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine and Symptomatic Infection Caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and Delta Variants

Emma K. Accorsi et al.

Summary: Assessing the performance of COVID-19 vaccines against the Omicron variant is crucial for public health guidance. This study found that receiving three doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine was associated with a lower likelihood of symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to being unvaccinated or receiving two doses. These findings suggest that three doses of mRNA vaccine provide protection against both Omicron and Delta variants, though the protection against Omicron may be slightly lower.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Association of Homologous and Heterologous Vaccine Boosters With COVID-19 Incidence and Severity in Singapore

Sharon Hui Xuan Tan et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Review Virology

OMICRON (B.1.1.529): A new SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern mounting worldwide fear

Vikram Thakur et al.

Summary: The emergence of the OMICRON variant of SARS-CoV-2 has become a global concern, spreading to over 77 countries and sparking hypotheses about its origins and infectivity. The detection of mutations in the Spike protein's RBD region is concerning, as it may surpass vaccine immunity.

JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Letter Urology & Nephrology

Antibody response to COVID-19 booster vaccine in rituximab-treated patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis

Sam Kant et al.

KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Risk of infection, hospitalisation, and death up to 9 months after a second dose of COVID-19 vaccine: a retrospective, total population cohort study in Sweden

Peter Nordstrom et al.

Summary: This study investigated the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against infection, hospitalization, and death in the Swedish population during the first 9 months after vaccination. The findings suggest that vaccine effectiveness decreases over time, but the rate of waning varies by vaccine type. The effectiveness in preventing severe COVID-19 seems to be better maintained. The results provide support for administering a third vaccine dose as a booster.

LANCET (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Breakthrough infections with SARS-CoV-2 omicron despite mRNA vaccine booster dose

Constanze Kuhlmann et al.

LANCET (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Heterologous versus homologous COVID-19 booster vaccination in previous recipients of two doses of CoronaVac COVID-19 vaccine in Brazil (RHH-001): a phase 4, non-inferiority, single blind, randomised study

Sue Ann Costa Clemens et al.

Summary: A study was conducted to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of a third dose of heterologous or homologous vaccines in Brazilian adults who had previously received two doses of CoronaVac. The results showed that a third dose of heterologous vaccines (recombinant adenoviral vectored vaccine or mRNA vaccine) significantly increased immune responses and could improve protection against infection.

LANCET (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Immunogenicity, safety, and reactogenicity of heterologous COVID-19 primary vaccination incorporating mRNA, viral-vector, and protein-adjuvant vaccines in the UK (Com-COV2): a single-blind, randomised, phase 2, non-inferiority trial

Arabella S. Stuart et al.

Summary: The study investigated the mixed use of different COVID-19 vaccines within the same schedule, showing that in certain conditions, heterologous vaccination can achieve similar immunogenicity to homologous vaccination, facilitating rapid global vaccine deployment.

LANCET (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Considerable escape of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron to antibody neutralization

Delphine Planas et al.

Summary: The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2, identified in November 2021, has spread rapidly worldwide and shows resistance to most therapeutic monoclonal antibodies and vaccine-elicited antibodies. However, it can be neutralized by antibodies generated by a booster vaccine dose.

NATURE (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Activity of convalescent and vaccine serum against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron

Juan Manuel Carreno et al.

Summary: The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2, first identified in South Africa and Botswana in November 2021, has rapidly spread globally with high transmissibility. It has an unprecedented number of mutations in its spike gene, leading to immune escape and reduced vaccine efficacy. The neutralizing and binding activity against Omicron varies among individuals with different vaccination and infection histories.

NATURE (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Immunology

An immunodominant NP105-113-B*07:02 cytotoxic T cell response controls viral replication and is associated with less severe COVID-19 disease

Yanchun Peng et al.

Summary: Specific CD8(+) T cell responses targeting NP105-113-B*07:02 are associated with mild COVID-19 disease and high antiviral efficacy, providing potential targets for T cell vaccine design. These T cell responses show long-lasting preservation of antiviral functionality post-infection.

NATURE IMMUNOLOGY (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Immunology

Delayed-interval BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccination enhances humoral immunity and induces robust T cell responses

Victoria G. Hall et al.

Summary: Delayed dosing intervals can enhance immune response to COVID-19 vaccination, including virus neutralization against wild-type and variant viruses. This finding has significant implications for the global implementation of vaccines.

NATURE IMMUNOLOGY (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Neutralizing antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant BA.1 following homologous and heterologous CoronaVac or BNT162b2 vaccination

Samuel M. S. Cheng et al.

Summary: Specific antibody levels against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant decrease significantly after two doses of BNT162b2 or CoronaVac vaccines, but can be markedly increased with a booster dose of BNT162b2. Individuals who previously received two doses of BNT162b2 or CoronaVac showed reduced serum antibody titers against Omicron, while a BNT162b2 booster dose increased the antibody levels in the majority of individuals. This suggests mRNA vaccine boosters may be necessary in countries primarily using CoronaVac vaccines to combat the spread of Omicron.

NATURE MEDICINE (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Heterologous AD5-nCOV plus CoronaVac versus homologous CoronaVac vaccination: a randomized phase 4 trial

Jingxin Li et al.

Summary: The study suggests that additional COVID-19 vaccine doses may be needed for individuals who initially received CoronaVac. Heterologous boosting with Convidecia, a recombinant adenovirus type 5 (AD5)-vectored vaccine, was found to be safe and more immunogenic than homologous boosting with CoronaVac in adults previously vaccinated with CoronaVac.

NATURE MEDICINE (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Effectiveness of mRNA-1273 against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and Delta variants

Hung Fu Tseng et al.

Summary: A test-negative case-control analysis using data from a diverse population in California, USA, demonstrates that vaccine efficacy of a three-dose regimen of the mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine is reduced against infection with the Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant in comparison to Delta, but that efficacy against hospitalization remained high for both variants.

NATURE MEDICINE (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Editorial Material Microbiology

Towards SARS-CoV-2 serotypes?

Etienne Simon-Loriere et al.

Summary: This article discusses the immune evasion capabilities of Omicron and raises the question of whether it should be considered as a distinct SARS-CoV-2 serotype. It presents lines of evidence both supporting and against the concept of SARS-CoV-2 serotypes and discusses the implications of this classification.

NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Effects of BNT162b2 Covid-19 Vaccine Booster in Long-Term Care Facilities in Israel

Khitam Muhsen et al.

Summary: During a surge of Covid-19 cases in Israel, a rapid deployment of BNT162b2 booster injections in long-term care facilities over a 3-week period in July resulted in a 71% decrease in infection rates and an 80% decrease in hospitalization rates, while general population infection rates were increasing.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Homologous and Heterologous Covid-19 Booster Vaccinations

R. L. Atmar et al.

Summary: This study investigated the efficacy of homologous and heterologous booster vaccines in adults who had completed a primary Covid-19 vaccine regimen. The results showed that both types of booster vaccines were safe and immunogenic.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Duration of Protection against Mild and Severe Disease by Covid-19 Vaccines

Nick Andrews et al.

Summary: A study conducted in England showed that vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 provide high protection against hospitalization and death from Covid-19 at 20 weeks or more after vaccination. However, the effectiveness of the vaccines decreases over time, especially in individuals aged 65 and older and those with underlying risk factors.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Third BNT162b2 Vaccination Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Infection

Ital Nemet et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Heterologous infection and vaccination shapes immunity against SARS-CoV-2 variants

Catherine J. Reynolds et al.

Summary: The study found that the initial strain of SARS-CoV-2 infection's impact on downstream immunity to heterologous variants of concern (VOCs) is unknown. After three antigen exposures, neutralization potency against different VOCs changed, and serology poorly predicted neutralizing immunity. Heterologous combinations of spike encountered during infection and vaccination shape subsequent cross-protection against VOCs.

SCIENCE (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Letter Oncology

Robust COVID-19 vaccination response after allogeneic stem cell transplantation using post transplantation cyclophosphamide conditioning

L. M. Morsink et al.

BLOOD CANCER JOURNAL (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Redressing COVID-19 vaccine inequity amidst booster doses: charting a bold path for global health solidarity, together

Sudhan Rackimuthu et al.

Summary: Global vaccine inequity poses risks to the health of the global population and exacerbates socio-economic repercussions, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Various strategies, such as Intellectual Property waivers, increased donations, and the establishment of new vaccine manufacturing hubs, can be employed to achieve global immunization goals. Continued advocacy for vaccine equity by all stakeholders and critical amendments to existing or upcoming legislation and funding mechanisms will address the shortcomings of current inequitable vaccine distribution.

GLOBALIZATION AND HEALTH (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Waning 2-Dose and 3-Dose Effectiveness of mRNA Vaccines Against COVID-19–Associated Emergency Department and Urgent Care Encounters and Hospitalizations Among Adults During Periods of Delta and Omicron Variant Predominance — VISION Network, 10 States, August 2021–January 2022

Jill M. Ferdinands et al.

MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Effectiveness of a Third Dose of mRNA Vaccines Against COVID-19–Associated Emergency Department and Urgent Care Encounters and Hospitalizations Among Adults During Periods of Delta and Omicron Variant Predominance — VISION Network, 10 States, August 2021–January 2022

Mark G. Thompson et al.

MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

COVID-19 Incidence and Death Rates Among Unvaccinated and Fully Vaccinated Adults with and Without Booster Doses During Periods of Delta and Omicron Variant Emergence — 25 U.S. Jurisdictions, April 4–December 25, 2021

Amelia G. Johnson et al.

MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Microbiology

Induction of robust cellular and humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2 after a third dose of BNT162b2 vaccine in previously unresponsive older adults

Addi J. Romero-Olmedo et al.

Summary: After receiving two doses of BNT162b2, older adults generally exhibit lower antibody and T-cell responses compared to a younger control group. However, a third vaccination with BNT162b2 can boost these responses, with 4 out of 5 older adults who were previously low-/non-responders showing improved immune responses post third vaccination.

NATURE MICROBIOLOGY (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

COVID-19 vaccine-induced antibody responses in immunosuppressed patients with inflammatory bowel disease (VIP): a multicentre, prospective, case-control study

James L. Alexander et al.

Summary: The study found that the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines varies in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) depending on the immunosuppressive drugs they are on. Patients treated with infliximab, infliximab plus thiopurines, and tofacitinib had lower antibody concentrations, while there were no significant differences in patients treated with thiopurines, ustekinumab, and vedolizumab compared to healthy controls.

LANCET GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Immunology

Divergent SARS-CoV-2 Omicron-reactive T and B cell responses in COVID-19 vaccine recipients

Corine H. GeurtsvanKessel et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates that vaccinated individuals retain T cell immunity to the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant, despite low levels of neutralizing antibodies. Booster vaccinations can partially restore cross-neutralization of the Omicron variant.

SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Immunology

SARS-CoV-2 Spike and Neutralizing Antibody Kinetics 90 Days after Three Doses of BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine in Singapore

Chin Shern Lau et al.

Summary: Post-booster vaccination led to significant increase in antibody titers at 30 days, which were higher than peak levels post-second dose, suggesting a prolonged antibody response with half-lives estimated to be 44/58 days.

VACCINES (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Immunology

Antibody Response of Combination of BNT162b2 and CoronaVac Platforms of COVID-19 Vaccines against Omicron Variant

Ka-Wa Khong et al.

Summary: A heterologous prime-boost vaccine strategy can enhance protection against SARS-CoV-2 variants, providing potent neutralizing activity against wild-type virus, Beta variant, Delta variant, and some protection against the Omicron variant. Booster mRNA vaccines result in a more potent immune response compared to inactivated vaccines regardless of the platform used for prime doses.

VACCINES (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Letter Rheumatology

Booster-dose SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with autoimmune disease: a case series

Caoilfhionn M. Connolly et al.

ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Infectious Diseases

Decline of antibody titres 3 months after two doses of BNT162b2 in non-immunocompromised adults

Alejo Erice et al.

Summary: The study found that after receiving the BNT162b2 vaccine, the antibody levels in some adults declined after 3 months, indicating the possible need for additional doses to maintain high levels of antibodies.

CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Rheumatology

BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine and booster in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases: a national cohort study

Amir Bieber et al.

Summary: This study used data from Clalit Health Services, which covers more than half of the population in Israel, to investigate the association between COVID-19 vaccination and outcomes in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARD). The results showed that both the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine and the booster dose were associated with better COVID-19 outcomes in patients with ARD.

ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Correction Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

T cell reactivity to the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant is preserved in most but not all individuals (vol 185, pg 1041, 2022)

Vivek Naranbhai et al.

CELL (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Imprinted SARS-CoV-2-specific memory lymphocytes define hybrid immunity

Lauren B. Rodda et al.

Summary: Research found that individuals previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 generate more specific memory B cells, variant-neutralizing antibodies, and a distinct population of memory CD4(+) T cells compared to those who were previously naive. Additional vaccination does not replicate the unique CD4(+) T cell cytokine profile observed in previously infected individuals.

CELL (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Infectious Diseases

COVID-19 vaccine waning and effectiveness and side-effects of boosters: a prospective community study from the ZOE COVID Study

Cristina Menni et al.

Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness and waning of COVID-19 primary vaccine series, as well as the safety and effectiveness of booster doses. The results showed that vaccine effectiveness decreased after the second dose, but booster doses restored effectiveness. However, heterologous booster regimens had more systemic side-effects.

LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Editorial Material Infectious Diseases

COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against the omicron (BA.2) variant in England Comment

Freja C. M. Kirsebom et al.

LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Infectious Diseases

Safety, immunogenicity, and reactogenicity of BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccines given as fourth-dose boosters following two doses of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 or BNT162b2 and a third dose of BNT162b2 (COV-BOOST): a multicentre, blinded, phase 2, randomised trial

Alasdair P. S. Munro et al.

Summary: Fourth-dose COVID-19 mRNA booster vaccines are well tolerated and can enhance cellular and humoral immunity. The peak response after the fourth dose is similar to, or possibly better than, the peak response after the third dose.

LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Omicron infection enhances Delta antibody immunity in vaccinated persons

Khadija Khan et al.

Summary: This study measured the neutralization capacity of individuals infected with Omicron sublineage BA.1 in South Africa. The results showed that vaccination and Omicron BA.1 infection together can provide protection against Delta and other variants, while infection with Omicron BA.1 alone offers limited cross-protection despite moderate enhancement.

NATURE (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Serum neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages BA.1 and BA.2 in patients receiving monoclonal antibodies

Timothee Bruel et al.

Summary: There are differences in neutralizing activity of therapeutic antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 sublineages, and immunocompromised individuals treated with antibodies show elevated antibody levels but reduced neutralization against Omicron. Breakthrough infections with the Omicron variant are observed in some immunocompromised individuals despite antibody treatment.

NATURE MEDICINE (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Protection by a Fourth Dose of BNT162b2 against Omicron in Israel

Yinon M. Bar-On et al.

Summary: After administering the fourth dose of BNT162b2 vaccine to individuals aged 60 years and older during the period when the omicron variant was predominant, Israel observed lower rates of confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe Covid-19 compared to those who received only three doses. The protection against severe illness remained consistent, while the protection against confirmed infection decreased over time.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Fourth Dose of BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine in a Nationwide Setting

Ori Magen et al.

Summary: The use of a fourth dose of BNT162b2 vaccine in Israel starting on January 3, 2022, has shown significant reductions in infection rate, symptomatic infection, hospitalization, and Covid-19-related deaths by February 18.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Neutralization Profile after Recovery from SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Infection

Annika Roessler et al.

Summary: Although some antibodies generated in persons recovering from infection with the omicron variant show cross-reactivity, a group of unvaccinated individuals were found to have largely ineffective antibodies against other viral strains.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Efficacy of a Fourth Dose of Covid-19 mRNA Vaccine against Omicron

Gili Regev-Yochay et al.

Summary: Health care workers in Israel received a fourth dose of mRNA vaccine during the prevalence of the omicron variant. The fourth dose boosted antibody levels but did not surpass the maximum observed after the third dose. The vaccine demonstrated an efficacy of 31 to 43% against symptomatic disease.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Broad anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody immunity induced by heterologous ChAdOx1/mRNA-1273 vaccination

Chengzi Kaku et al.

Summary: Heterologous prime-boost immunization strategies have the potential to enhance the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines. A study found that heterologous vaccination induced stronger neutralizing antibody and memory B cell responses, as well as better efficacy against variant strains. The study also revealed that heterologous vaccination can enhance the quality of B cell responses.

SCIENCE (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Immunology

A Fourth Dose of COVID-19 Vaccine Does Not Induce Neutralization of the Omicron Variant Among Solid Organ Transplant Recipients With Suboptimal Vaccine Response

Andrew H. Karaba et al.

Summary: Humoral responses to COVID-19 vaccines are attenuated in solid organ transplant recipients. Additional vaccine doses can increase neutralizing capacity against multiple variants of concern, but the neutralization effect against the Omicron variant is poor.

TRANSPLANTATION (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Editorial Material Medicine, General & Internal

It is not too late to achieve global covid-19 vaccine equity

Gavin Yamey et al.

BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Clinical Neurology

Omicron-Specific Cytotoxic T-Cell Responses After a Third Dose of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine Among Patients With Multiple Sclerosis Treated With Ocrelizumab

Natacha Madelon et al.

Summary: This study aimed to investigate T-cell responses to the Omicron spike protein in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) treated with anti-CD20 therapy before and after a third mRNA COVID-19 vaccination. The results showed that the third dose enhanced T-cell responses to all variants, suggesting that COVID-19 vaccination may protect patients taking B-cell-depleting drugs against severe complications from infection.

JAMA NEUROLOGY (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Editorial Material Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

COVID-19 vaccine wastage in the midst of vaccine inequity: causes, types and practical steps

Jeffrey Lazarus et al.

BMJ GLOBAL HEALTH (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Infectious Diseases

SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody and T-cell responses 1 year after infection in people recovered from COVID-19: a longitudinal cohort study

Li Guo et al.

Summary: This study investigated the durability and functionality of the humoral and T-cell response to the original SARS-CoV-2 strain and variants in recovered patients 12 months after infection. The results showed that neutralising antibodies and T-cell responses were retained 12 months after initial infection. However, the neutralising antibody responses to the D614G, beta, and delta variants were reduced compared to the original strain, while T-cell responses were cross-reactive to the beta variant. This suggests that cross-reactive T-cell responses may be particularly important in protecting against severe disease caused by variants, while neutralising antibody responses seem to diminish over time.

LANCET MICROBE (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Immunology

Long-term SARS-CoV-2 Asymptomatic Carriage in an Immunocompromised Host: Clinical, Immunological, and Virological Implications

Michele Spinicci et al.

Summary: Our case suggests that individuals with impaired immune system may prevent severe complications from COVID-19, but they may not be able to clear SARS-CoV-2 infection. Long-term infections in immunocompromised hosts may contribute to the emergence of viral variants.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Letter Infectious Diseases

Immune responses after omicron infection in triple-vaccinated health-care workers with and without previous SARS-CoV-2 infection

Kim Blom et al.

LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Infectious Diseases

Vaccine effectiveness of one, two, and three doses of BNT162b2 and CoronaVac against COVID-19 in Hong Kong: a population-based observational study

Martina E. McMenamin et al.

Summary: In Hong Kong, two doses of either BNT162b2 or CoronaVac vaccines are effective in preventing severe disease and death, with higher effectiveness seen in adults aged 60 years or older with BNT162b2. Three doses of either vaccine offer a very high level of protection against severe or fatal outcomes.

LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Effectiveness of a fourth dose of covid-19 mRNA vaccine against the omicron variant among long term care residents in Ontario, Canada: test negative design study

Ramandip Grewal et al.

Summary: This study estimated the marginal effectiveness of a fourth dose compared to a third dose of mRNA covid-19 vaccines and the vaccine effectiveness of BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccines against the omicron variant. The results showed that a fourth dose improved protection against infection, symptomatic infection, and severe outcomes. Vaccine effectiveness increased with each additional dose.

BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Immune responses following 3rd and 4th doses of heterologous and homologous COVID-19 vaccines in kidney transplant recipients

Tina Thomson et al.

Summary: Solid organ transplant recipients have attenuated immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. In this study, we observed immune responses to the third and fourth doses of heterologous and homologous vaccines in kidney transplant patients. The results showed that the majority of transplant patients developed immune responses after three doses of the vaccine, but some patients did not. After the fourth dose of the vaccine, some patients exhibited new immune responses.

ECLINICALMEDICINE (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Review Medicine, General & Internal

Impact of COVID-19 vaccination on the risk of developing long-COVID and on existing long-COVID symptoms: A systematic review

Kin Israel Notarte et al.

Summary: This systematic review investigates the association between COVID-19 vaccination and long-COVID symptoms. The findings suggest that vaccination is associated with reduced risks of long-COVID, with preliminary evidence showing that two doses are more effective than one dose. The impact of vaccination on people with existing long-COVID symptoms is still controversial.

ECLINICALMEDICINE (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Immune Imprinting and Protection against Repeat Reinfection with SARS-CoV-2

Hiam Chemaitelly et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Review Environmental Sciences

Effect of COVID-19 Vaccines on Reducing the Risk of Long COVID in the Real World: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Peng Gao et al.

Summary: This study systematically reviewed relevant studies in the real world and performed a meta-analysis to explore the relationship between COVID-19 vaccination and long COVID. The results showed that COVID-19 vaccines had a protective effect against long COVID, especially in patients vaccinated with two doses. Vaccination was effective whether administered before or after SARS-CoV-2 infection/COVID-19. It also reduced the risk of various long COVID symptoms. The vaccination rate should be improved, and further studies should be conducted to investigate the underlying mechanisms of the protective effect of COVID-19 vaccines on long COVID.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

Efficacy of COVID-19 vaccine booster doses in older people

Camilla Mattiuzzi et al.

Summary: Based on the ongoing COVID-19 vaccination campaign in Italy, we found that COVID-19 vaccine booster doses significantly reduce the risk of infection, hospitalization, ICU admission, and death in older people. Booster doses provide greater protection compared to completing the initial vaccination cycle earlier.

EUROPEAN GERIATRIC MEDICINE (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Article Health Care Sciences & Services

Effectiveness of a fourth dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine against all-cause mortality in long-term care facility residents and in the oldest old: A nationwide, retrospective cohort study in Sweden

Peter Nordstrom et al.

Summary: This study examined the impact of a fourth dose of COVID-19 vaccine on the risk of death, finding that the fourth dose significantly reduced the risk of death in residents of long-term care facilities and individuals aged 80 and older in the first two months, but the protection slightly decreased over time.

LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-EUROPE (2022)

添加到收藏夹

Review Immunology

COVID-19 in Immunocompromised Hosts: What We Know So Far

Monica Fung et al.

Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has led to significant morbidity and mortality globally. The impact of the disease on immunosuppressed patients, such as cancer patients and transplant recipients, remains unclear. Further research is needed to determine the risk of COVID-19 severity and death in immunocompromised patients.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Letter Biophysics

Antibody responses to SARS-CoV2 vaccination in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients

Anne-Claire Mamez et al.

BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant in Qatar

Patrick Tang et al.

Summary: mRNA COVID-19 vaccines demonstrate high effectiveness in preventing severe outcomes and death caused by the Delta variant in Qatar, despite lower effectiveness at blocking infection.

NATURE MEDICINE (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Article Infectious Diseases

Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CoronaVac) in healthy adults aged 60 years and older: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1/2 clinical trial

Zhiwei Wu et al.

Summary: The study showed that CoronaVac vaccine is safe and well tolerated in older adults, and is able to induce neutralizing antibody levels. The highest dose of 3 μg of the vaccine can generate neutralizing antibody levels similar to the 6 μg dose, supporting the use of the 3 μg dose CoronaVac in phase 3 trials.

LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Article Immunology

Antibody Response of BNT162b2 and CoronaVac Platforms in Recovered Individuals Previously Infected by COVID-19 against SARS-CoV-2 Wild Type and Delta Variant

Ruiqi Zhang et al.

Summary: Vaccinating recovered COVID-19 patients with mRNA vaccines boosted their immune response against wild-type and Delta variant viruses. One booster shot effectively enhanced pre-existing neutralizing activity against both variants in recovered subjects, with significant increases in antibody response observed.

VACCINES (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Article Infectious Diseases

Intra-host non-synonymous diversity at a neutralizing antibody epitope of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein N-terminal domain

Jonathan Daniel Ip et al.

Summary: The study aimed to determine viral genome diversity in serial samples of COVID-19 patients by performing targeted deep sequencing of the spike gene using nanopore and Illumina sequencing. A patient with severe disease was found to have a spike protein amino acid mutation W152L, located within a neutralizing epitope. Monitoring of serial specimens is important in identifying hotspots of mutations, especially those occurring at neutralizing epitopes which may affect therapeutic efficacy of monoclonal antibodies.

CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Analysis of antibody responses after COVID-19 vaccination in liver transplant recipients and those with chronic liver diseases

Paul J. Thuluvath et al.

Summary: The study found that 61% of liver transplant recipients and 24% of patients with liver disease had poor antibody responses after receiving the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Immunocompromised status, vaccination with a single dose of Johnson & Johnson vaccine, and use of 2 or more immunosuppressive medications were associated with poor immune responses.

JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Safety and Efficacy of NVX-CoV2373 Covid-19 Vaccine

Paul T. Heath et al.

Summary: The NVX-CoV2373 vaccine demonstrated an efficacy of 89.7% in a phase 3 trial with over 15,000 participants, with mild and transient reactogenicity. It showed high efficacy against the B.1.1.7 variant and a low incidence of adverse events.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Article Hematology

Poor neutralizing antibody responses in 106 patients with WM after vaccination against SARS-CoV-2: a prospective study

Maria Gavriatopoulou et al.

Summary: Immunocompromised patients with hematologic malignancies, particularly those with Waldenstroeurom macroglobulinemia (WM), have lower production of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against SARS-CoV-2 after COVID-19 vaccination compared with healthy controls on days 22 and 50 post-vaccination. Disease-related immune dysregulation and therapy-related immunosuppression are likely contributors to this suboptimal humoral response. Active treatment with specific medications is also associated with a diminished antibody response following vaccination.

BLOOD ADVANCES (2021)

添加到收藏夹

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Immunogenicity and safety of a recombinant adenovirus type-5-vectored COVID-19 vaccine in healthy adults aged 18 years or older: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial

Feng-Cai Zhu et al.

LANCET (2020)

添加到收藏夹

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Safety and immunogenicity of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2: a preliminary report of a phase 1/2, single-blind, randomised controlled trial

Pedro M. Folegatti et al.

LANCET (2020)

添加到收藏夹

Article Microbiology

Longitudinal observation and decline of neutralizing antibody responses in the three months following SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans

Jeffrey Seow et al.

NATURE MICROBIOLOGY (2020)

添加到收藏夹

Review Geriatrics & Gerontology

Age and immunity: What is immunosenescence?

Graham Pawelec

EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY (2018)

添加到收藏夹

Review Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Wild and vaccine-derived poliovirus circulation, and implications for polio eradication

P. L. Lopalco

EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION (2017)

添加到收藏夹

Article Immunology

Challenges of Maintaining Polio-free Status of the European Region

Nino Khetsuriani et al.

JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2014)

添加到收藏夹

Editorial Material Infectious Diseases

A wake-up call for polio eradication

[Anonymous]

LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2014)

添加到收藏夹

Article Health Care Sciences & Services

Relationship between haemagglutination-inhibiting antibody titres and clinical protection against influenza: development and application of a bayesian random-effects model

Laurent Coudeville et al.

BMC MEDICAL RESEARCH METHODOLOGY (2010)

添加到收藏夹

Review Microbiology

Polio eradication, cessation of vaccination and re-emergence of disease

PD Minor

NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY (2004)

添加到收藏夹

© Peeref 2019-2024. All rights reserved.