4.7 Review

Advances and perspectives for antimicrobial peptide and combinatory therapies

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Antimicrobial peptides, conventional antibiotics, and their synergistic utility for the treatment of drug-resistant infections

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Identification of Antibacterial Peptide Candidates Encrypted in Stress-Related and Metabolic Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins

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Summary: A protein-rich extract containing antimicrobial peptides was obtained from Saccharomyces cerevisiae through autolysis and mild thermal treatment. The extract showed improved antibacterial activities against foodborne and clinically significant bacteria, while also being safe for human tissues in a mixture format. The peptides in the extract were derived from induced-proteolysis and proteasome activity in abundant proteins, including those upregulated under stress conditions during S. cerevisiae biomass manufacturing. In silico analysis predicted 58 potential antimicrobial peptide sequences in the extract.

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Human Cryptic Host Defence Peptide GVF27 Exhibits Anti-Infective Properties against Biofilm Forming Members of the Burkholderia cepacia Complex

Andrea Bosso et al.

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Starch/PBAT blown antimicrobial films based on the synergistic effects of two commercial antimicrobial peptides

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Potential risks of treating bacterial infections with a combination of β-lactam and aminoglycoside antibiotics: A systematic quantification of antibiotic interactions in E. coli blood stream infection isolates

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Antimicrobial Random Peptide Mixtures Eradicate Acinetobacter baumannii Biofilms and Inhibit Mouse Models of Infection

Hannah E. Caraway et al.

Summary: Antibiotic resistance is a major crisis in human medicine, with Acinetobacter baumannii being a significant threat. Random peptide mixtures (RPMs) have shown potential as powerful therapeutics against antibiotic-resistant A. baumannii, rapidly killing the bacteria, inhibiting biofilm formation, and reducing bacterial burden and mortality rates in mouse models of pneumonia, soft tissue infection, and sepsis.

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Synergistic Antimicrobial Effect of Antimicrobial Peptides CATH-1, CATH-3, and PMAP-36 With Erythromycin Against Bacterial Pathogens

Yi Lu et al.

Summary: With increasing antibiotic resistance among bacteria, finding alternative drugs or antibiotic adjuvants to enhance antibacterial efficacy is urgently needed. This study demonstrates that the combination of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and traditional antibiotics has synergistic bactericidal effects against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enteritidis, and Escherichia coli. The AMPs tested, including CATH-1, -3, and PMAP-36, showed good antibacterial activity, and their combination with erythromycin exhibited continuous killing effect on bacteria within 3 hours. Importantly, the combination treatment showed lower hemolytic activity and cytotoxicity to mammalian cells compared to erythromycin alone. Mechanistic studies suggest that CATH-1 enhances the antibacterial activity of erythromycin by increasing the permeability of bacterial cell membrane. Additionally, the combination treatment delayed the emergence of E. coli resistance to erythromycin. These findings provide valuable information for the development of AMPs as potential substitutes or adjuvants for traditional antibiotics.

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Antimicrobial Peptide Combination Can Hinder Resistance Evolution

Bar Maron et al.

Summary: The study shows that combination therapy with AMPs can delay the evolution of resistance in S. aureus, with some AMP pairs showing significantly lower resistance compared to individual AMPs. Treatment with a random AMP library resulted in no detectable resistance. The rate of resistance development to combination therapy correlated with the cost of resistance to individual AMPs and their cross-resistance. No broad-range AMP resistance evolved, as strains that developed resistance to some AMPs remained sensitive to others.

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Synergistic effect of two antimicrobial peptides, Nisin and P10 with conventional antibiotics against extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and colistin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates

Abolfazl Jahangiri et al.

Summary: The study demonstrated the antimicrobial effects of Nisin and P10 peptides against drug-resistant bacterial strains, with the P10+Nisin combination showing synergistic effects against standard strains and additive effects against drug-resistant isolates. Additionally, synergistic combinations were found with P10+ceftazidim, P10+doripenem, and Nisin+colistin, highlighting potential therapeutic value against infections caused by colistin-resistant P. aeruginosa and XDR A. baumannii.

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Outer-membrane-acting peptides and lipid II-targeting antibiotics cooperatively kill Gram-negative pathogens

Qian Li et al.

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Gianluca Morroni et al.

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Recombinant production of Trx-Ib-AMP4 and Trx-E50-52 antimicrobial peptides and antimicrobial synergistic assessment on the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus under in vitro and in vivo situations

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Random Peptide Mixtures as Safe and Effective Antimicrobials against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and MRSA in Mouse Models of Bacteremia and Pneumonia

Richard C. Bennett et al.

Summary: Antibiotic resistance poses a significant challenge in modern medicine, with antimicrobial peptides and random peptide mixtures emerging as promising alternatives to combat resistant pathogens effectively.

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Boosting Synergistic Effects of Short Antimicrobial Peptides With Conventional Antibiotics Against Resistant Bacteria

Chih-Lung Wu et al.

Summary: The study developed a strategy to enhance and synergize the activity of conventional antibiotics by combining antimicrobial peptides with a bulky non-natural amino acid. The results show that this approach can reduce the impact of antibiotics on Gram-negative bacteria, improve the antimicrobial activity of peptides, and increase the synergistic effects with antibiotics.

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Analysis of Antibiotic Consumption by AWaRe Classification in Shandong Province, China, 2012-2019: A Panel Data Analysis

Jia Yin et al.

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Tanvir Mahtab Uddin et al.

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Bacterial Targets of Antibiotics in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Harshad Lade et al.

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Physicochemical Features and Peculiarities of Interaction of AMP with the Membrane

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Summary: Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have the potential to be novel biotherapeutics with interactions on the cell envelope, requiring comprehensive understanding for rational design. In-depth studies on the physicochemical, aggregative, and structural features of AMPs are essential for accurate classification and effective prediction methods. The knowledge of AMPs' physicochemical properties is crucial for the development of peptide-based antibiotics design tools.

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Iwona Golonka et al.

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Fosfomycin and nitrofurantoin: classic antibiotics and perspectives

Cristiane dos Santos et al.

Summary: Antibiotics are crucial for treating and preventing infectious diseases, but their overuse can lead to antimicrobial resistance. Strategies such as reintroducing traditional antibiotics may be necessary due to the decrease in treatment options and the emergence of resistance. Systematic evaluation of old drugs, especially for community-acquired infections, is essential to avoid increasing multidrug resistance.

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Synergistic effect and antibiofilm activity of an antimicrobial peptide with traditional antibiotics against multi-drug resistant bacteria

Huimin Duan et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates the synergistic antibacterial effect between the AMP Pt5-1c derived from phosvitin and traditional antibiotics against multidrug-resistant bacteria. It also suggests the potential of using Pt5-1c to prolong the efficacy of certain antibiotics under threat of antibiotic resistance.

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Zopfiellasins A-D, Two Pairs of Epimeric Cytochalasins from Kiwi-Associated Fungus Zopfiella sp. and Their Antibacterial Assessment

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Antimicrobial Peptides: A New Hope in Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Fields

Antonio Moretta et al.

Summary: Antibiotic resistance is a serious challenge, driving the search for new alternative molecules like AMPs as potential next-generation antibiotics. AMPs, as bioactive small proteins naturally produced by all living organisms, have aroused great interest for their ability to serve as the first line of defense against fungi, viruses, and bacteria.

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Nanostructured Antimicrobial Peptides: Crucial Steps of Overcoming the Bottleneck for Clinics

Zhanyi Yang et al.

Summary: Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are considered a viable alternative to antibiotics due to their broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and ease of synthesis, but they have disadvantages such as low bioavailability, poor protease resistance, and high cytotoxicity. Nanostructured antimicrobial peptides (Ns-AMPs) address these limitations through various nanosystem modifications, improving therapeutic efficacy and reducing side effects. This review highlights the advantages of Ns-AMPs in terms of biological stability and antimicrobial activity, as well as discussing their controlled release mechanisms and future research directions.

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Antibiotic Potentiation in Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Pathogenic Bacteria by a Synthetic Peptidomimetic

Elnaz Harifi Mood et al.

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Leora Duong et al.

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Yuan Liu et al.

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