UV-B Radiation as a Novel Tool to Modulate the Architecture of In Vitro Grown Mentha spicata (L.)

In vitro culturing can generate plants with a distorted morphology. Some distortions affect the plant's survival after transfer to an ex vitro environment, while others can affect the aesthetic value. Therefore, exogenous hormones are often applied in in vitro cultures to modulate plant architecture. In this study, it was hypothesised that regulatory effects of UV-B radiation on plant morphology can be exploited under in vitro conditions, and that UV exposure will result in sturdier, less elongated plants with more branches and smaller leaves, mediated by changes in plant hormones. Plants were grown in tissue-culture containers and exposed to similar to 0.22 W m(-2) UV-B for 8 days. Subsequently, plants were transferred to soil and monitored for a further 7 days. Results show that UV induced a marked change in architecture with a significant increase in axillary branches, and reductions in leaf area, plant height and root weight. These changes were associated with significant alterations in concentrations of hormones, including IAA, GA7, GA3 and iP-9-G. Changes in hormone concentrations suggest a regulatory, rather than a stress response to UV-B. Therefore, it is proposed that the application of UV in in vitro culture can be an innovative approach to manipulate plant architecture.

Automated summary

In vitro culturing with exogenous hormones can modulate plant architecture, but can also cause distortions that affect plant survival and aesthetic value. This study demonstrates that UV-B radiation can be used to manipulate plant architecture by promoting sturdier, more branched plants with smaller leaves. The changes in plant morphology are mediated by alterations in hormone concentrations.