A Real-Time Adaptive Control System for Border Irrigation

The shortage of water resources makes it urgent to increase agricultural irrigation efficiency. In response to this need, this study develops a real-time adaptive control irrigation (RACI) system for border irrigation. Avoiding the need for traditional real-time control systems to calculate soil infiltration properties in real-time, RACI adjusts the inflow rate based on the difference between the actual and expected advance time. Simulations of the collected data are used to evaluate and analyze the sensitivity of RACI to input parameters, and field experiments were carried out to further verify the irrigation performance and efficiency. The experimental results indicate that RACI delivers an average application efficiency, distribution uniformity, requirement efficiency, and deep percolation of 0.930, 0.884, 0.954, and 0.070, respectively. A sensitivity analysis of irrigation input parameters (infiltration parameter, roughness coefficient, inflow rate, and slope) shows that the irrigation performance of RACI remains satisfactory even when the parameters are varied. Given the satisfactory irrigation performance and robustness and the more facile operation than traditional real-time control systems, RACI has the potential to become widely used.

Automated summary

This study develops a real-time adaptive control irrigation system to increase agricultural irrigation efficiency. The system adjusts the inflow rate based on the difference between actual and expected advance time, avoiding the need for real-time calculation of soil properties. Field experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the system, and sensitivity analysis shows its satisfactory performance even with varying parameters.