相关参考文献
注意：仅列出部分参考文献，下载原文获取全部文献信息。
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wanwisa Dejnirattisai et al.
Summary: On November 24, 2021, the sequence of a new SARS-CoV-2 variant, Omicron-B.1.1.529, was announced. Compared to previous variants, Omicron has a higher number of mutations in the Spike (S) protein. Serum neutralization of Omicron by individuals vaccinated or previously infected with Alpha, Beta, Gamma, or Delta variants is significantly reduced or ineffective. Third vaccine doses can boost neutralization titers against Omicron, and high titers are observed in both vaccinated individuals and those infected with the Delta variant. Most potent monoclonal antibodies and antibodies under development are unable to effectively neutralize Omicron due to mutations in its Spike protein. Omicron has structural changes compared to earlier viruses and utilizes mutations that enhance its binding to ACE2, allowing for immune escape. This results in a large number of mutations in the ACE2 binding site and a rebalancing of receptor affinity similar to earlier pandemic viruses.
Letter
Immunology
Wei Zhang et al.
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lanying Du et al.
Summary: COVID-19 has caused a global pandemic and it is crucial to develop effective countermeasures against the virus and its variants. Nanotechnology plays a critical role in the rapid design and development of vaccines and therapeutics, with protein nanoparticles, lipid nanoparticles, and nanobodies being important components. This review article explores the roles of nanotechnology in battling COVID-19 and provides an overview of currently available nanotechnology-based vaccines and therapeutics.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Juan Manuel Carreno et al.
Summary: The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2, first identified in South Africa and Botswana in November 2021, has rapidly spread globally with high transmissibility. It has an unprecedented number of mutations in its spike gene, leading to immune escape and reduced vaccine efficacy. The neutralizing and binding activity against Omicron varies among individuals with different vaccination and infection histories.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eddy Perez-Then et al.
Summary: The study found that a BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine booster can enhance neutralizing antibodies against the Omicron variant in individuals who received two doses of the CoronaVac vaccine, but antibody titers remain lower compared to the ancestral virus and the Delta variant.
Article
Cell Biology
Benjamin L. Sievers et al.
Summary: This study demonstrates that the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 is the most resistant to neutralization, and antibody responses may be reduced in vaccinated pregnant women, highlighting the need to maximize vaccine responses in this population.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Adeel A. Butt et al.
Summary: A retrospective cohort study in Qatar found that infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant was associated with more severe outcomes compared to the Beta variant, and being unvaccinated was linked to greater odds of severe-critical disease.
JAMA INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Louise Benning et al.
Summary: Seroconversion after COVID-19 vaccination is compromised in kidney transplant recipients, and emerging variants pose an increasing threat to these patients. Following a third vaccine dose, neutralizing antibodies in kidney transplant recipients are significantly lower compared to healthy controls, with reduced efficacy against the B.1.1.529 (omicron) variant.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Katherine A. Twohig et al.
Summary: A study in England found that patients with COVID-19 infected with the delta variant were more likely to be admitted to hospital or attend emergency care compared to those infected with the alpha variant. This suggests that outbreaks of the delta variant in unvaccinated populations may pose a greater burden on healthcare services.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tommy Nyberg et al.
Summary: The Omicron variant shows lower severity compared to Delta, especially in terms of hospital admission and death, with significant variations by age. Unvaccinated cases experience a larger reduction in intrinsic severity, while vaccinated cases experience reduced vaccine effectiveness. Booster vaccination with mRNA vaccines provides over 70% protection against hospitalization and death in breakthrough Omicron infections.
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Juan Shi et al.
Summary: The RBD-mRNA vaccine induces durable antibodies that neutralize various SARS-CoV-2 variants, providing potential protection. However, there is a slight reduction in neutralizing activity against certain variants. These findings highlight the importance of designing novel vaccines with improved neutralization against current and future variants.
TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gang Ye et al.
Summary: The omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 has a stable open conformation of the spike protein, making it more efficient in cell entry and immune evasion compared to previous variants.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Takuya Tada et al.
Summary: This study found that the Omicron variant has significantly reduced sensitivity to neutralization by vaccines and vaccine-elicited antibodies. However, a booster immunization can enhance the neutralizing effect against Omicron. In addition, individuals with a history of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection showed increased neutralizing activity against Omicron. Different monoclonal antibodies showed varying effectiveness against the Omicron variant.
Editorial Material
Genetics & Heredity
Farid Rahimi et al.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aekkachai Tuekprakhon et al.
Summary: The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 has rapidly spread globally and has evolved into different sublineages, with BA.4 and BA.5 dominating in South Africa. These sublineages show reduced neutralization by vaccine and naturally immune serum, indicating the possibility of repeat Omicron infections.
Article
Virology
Juan Shi et al.
Summary: This study identified a non-neutralizing epitope on the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and developed a mutant RBD vaccine with enhanced neutralizing activity against multiple variants, including Delta and Omicron strains. The mutant vaccine also improved the protective efficacy of the prototypic RBD vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Nicole P. Hachmann et al.
Summary: A small study found that omicron subvariants BA.2.12.1, BA.4, and BA.5 of SARS-CoV-2 were more likely to evade neutralizing antibodies induced by both vaccination and previous infection compared to the prior omicron subvariants BA.1 and BA.2.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Christopher L. D. McMillan et al.
Summary: The ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has posed a significant global health challenge, with emerging variants causing reduced vaccine efficacy and the need for booster immunizations. Delivery of a subunit vaccine through a high-density microarray patch (HD-MAP) has been shown to induce potent immunity and maintain neutralization against various variants.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Stacey Adjei et al.
MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Kirsten E. Lyke et al.
Summary: This study assesses the magnitude and short-term durability of neutralizing antibodies after homologous and heterologous boosting with mRNA and Ad26.COV2.S vaccines. The results show that mRNA vaccine boosting generates higher neutralizing activity against the Omicron variant compared to Ad26.COV2.S boosting. These findings have implications for protecting against Omicron and future variants of SARS-CoV-2.
CELL REPORTS MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Pablo Garcia-Valtanen et al.
Summary: This study evaluated the immune response of COVID-19 convalescents to five variants of concern and found that increased antigen variability in these variants impairs humoral and spike-specific T cell immunity. This indicates that COVID-19 convalescents are vulnerable to infection with variants, highlighting the importance of vaccination programs.
CELL REPORTS MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Venkata-Viswanadh Edara et al.
Summary: The study indicates that a two-dose vaccination may not provide sufficient neutralizing antibody responses against the omicron variant, with a significant reduction in neutralizing activity observed after six months. However, COVID-19-recovered individuals still retain some level of neutralizing antibody responses. A third dose (booster shot) is necessary to enhance the neutralizing activity against the omicron variant.
CELL REPORTS MEDICINE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shibo Jiang et al.
EXPERT OPINION ON THERAPEUTIC TARGETS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zijun Wang et al.
Summary: Volunteers who received the Moderna or Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine showed high levels of antibodies and memory B cell responses against SARS-CoV-2, with activity similar to individuals who had recovered from natural infection. However, their efficacy against specific SARS-CoV-2 variants was reduced, indicating a potential need for periodic updates to mRNA vaccines to maintain clinical efficacy.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rita E. Chen et al.
Summary: The study analyzed antibody neutralization activity against a panel of authentic isolates and chimeric SARS-CoV-2 variants, showing significantly reduced neutralizing activity against the B.1.351 variant first identified in South Africa. Antibodies targeting the receptor-binding domain and N-terminal domain, monoclonal antibodies, convalescent sera, and mRNA vaccine-induced immune sera exhibited decreased inhibitory activity against viruses with an E484K spike mutation, suggesting a need for updated monoclonal antibodies or vaccine adjustments to prevent loss of protection against emerging variants.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lixin Lin et al.
Summary: Studies have shown that Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta variants of SARS-CoV-2 have increased severity in terms of hospitalization, ICU admission, and mortality compared to the wild-type virus, with Beta and Delta variants posing higher risks.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Lanying Du et al.
Summary: This review summarizes the neutralizing monoclonal antibodies targeting SARS-CoV-2 proteins developed to date, with a focus on the N-terminal domain and RBD of the S protein. The roles of binding affinity, neutralizing activity, and protection provided by these nAbs in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 are discussed, as well as the potential to improve nAb efficiency against multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants.
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jian Zheng et al.
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Experimental studies in animals infected with SARS-CoV-2 have revealed severe lung and brain damage, as well as early onset anosmia in mice. Excitingly, infusion of convalescent plasma from recovered patients has shown to protect against lethal disease, though it does not prevent anosmia.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel Wrapp et al.
Article
Immunology
Wanbo Tai et al.
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jian Shang et al.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Wanbo Tai et al.
ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH
(2020)
Letter
Cell Biology
Wanbo Tai et al.
Editorial Material
Engineering, Biomedical
Shibo Jiang et al.
NATURE BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2020)
Article
Virology
Wanbo Tai et al.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2019)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lanying Du et al.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2016)
Review
Microbiology
Lanying Du et al.
NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY
(2009)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
F Li et al.
