4.7 Review

Angina in 2022: Current Perspectives

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Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Invasive coronary physiology in patients with angina and non-obstructive coronary artery disease: a consensus document from the coronary microvascular dysfunction workstream of the British Heart Foundation/National Institute for Health Research Partnership

Divaka Perera et al.

Summary: Nearly half of patients with angina have non-obstructive coronary artery disease (ANOCA), with two-thirds of these patients having coronary microvascular disease (CMD). Impaired coronary flow reserve (CFR) is associated with myocardial ischemia and adverse cardiovascular outcomes. The CMD workstream aims to improve accuracy of diagnosis and treatment through standardized procedures and various assessment methods.
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Autologous CD34+Stem Cell Therapy Increases Coronary Flow Reserve and Reduces Angina in Patients With Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction

Timothy D. Henry et al.

Summary: This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of intracoronary CD34+ cell therapy in patients with coronary microvascular dysfunction. The results showed that patients receiving CD34+ cell therapy had improved coronary flow reserve, reduced angina symptoms, and improved quality of life after 6 months of treatment. This study supports the potential therapeutic role of CD34+ cells in patients with microvascular angina.

CIRCULATION-CARDIOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS (2022)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

2021 ACC/AHA/SCAT Guideline for Coronary Artery Revascularization

Sripal Bangalore et al.

Summary: This article introduces the importance and application of coronary artery revascularization guidelines, which provide a patient-centric approach for treating patients with significant coronary artery disease. The guidelines are supported by relevant literature.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY (2022)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Acute coronary syndromes

Brian A Bergmark et al.

LANCET (2022)

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Efficacy of Diltiazem to Improve Coronary Vasomotor Dysfunction in ANOCA The EDIT-CMD Randomized Clinical Trial

Tijn P. J. Jansen et al.

Summary: The EDIT-CMD study evaluated the effect of diltiazem on coronary microvascular dysfunction in patients with ANOCA. While diltiazem did not substantially improve CVDys, symptoms, or quality of life after 6 weeks of treatment compared with placebo, it did reduce the prevalence of epicardial spasm.

JACC-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING (2022)

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Calcium Channels in the Heart: Disease States and Drugs

Kajol Shah et al.

Summary: Calcium ions are crucial for cell signaling and participate in various physiological functions. Mutations and dysfunctions of calcium channels in the heart can cause diseases and disorders. Drugs targeting calcium channels are used for the treatment of cardiac disorders.
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Percutaneous Revascularization for Ischemic Left Ventricular Dysfunction

Divaka Perera et al.

Summary: In patients with severe ischemic left ventricular systolic dysfunction, revascularization by PCI did not result in a lower incidence of death or hospitalization for heart failure compared to optimal medical therapy.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2022)

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Ivabradine in Cardiovascular Disease Management Revisited: a Review

Christopher Chen et al.

Summary: Ivabradine, a unique agent targeting the sinoatrial node, reduces heart rate without affecting myocardial contractility or vascular tone, showing improved clinical outcomes in heart failure. However, its efficacy in stable ischemic heart disease is controversial. Besides, Ivabradine could be used in treating inappropriate sinus tachycardia.

CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS AND THERAPY (2021)

Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Myocardial Infarction Without Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease (MINOCA): A Practical Guide for Clinicians

Giuseppe Ciliberti et al.

Summary: MINOCA refers to the evidence of spontaneous acute myocardial infarction after excluding potential coronary artery stenosis, with significant advances in epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, prognosis estimation, and therapeutics. However, the definition of MINOCA has been heterogeneous, including specific cardiac conditions and leading to conflicting results. A comprehensive stepwise approach is proposed for the rational diagnostic assessment of challenging patients in the expanding MINOCA field.

CURRENT PROBLEMS IN CARDIOLOGY (2021)

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Pharmacological therapy for the prevention of cardiovascular events in patients with myocardial infarction with non-obstructed coronary arteries (MINOCA): Insights from a multicentre national registry

Giuseppe Ciliberti et al.

Summary: The study aimed to assess the effect of pharmacological therapy on the long-term prognosis of patients with MINOCA. The use of beta-blockers was significantly associated with a lower occurrence of adverse outcomes during long-term follow-up among MINOCA patients, while aspirin showed a potentially harmful impact on prognosis.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY (2021)

Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

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Massimo Imazio et al.

Summary: Colchicine, a unique anti-inflammatory agent, has shown potential in a range of cardiovascular conditions in recent clinical trials, in addition to its traditional use in gout and familial Mediterranean fever.

EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL (2021)

Review Medicine, General & Internal

Diagnosis and Management of Stable Angina A Review

Parag H. Joshi et al.

Summary: The diagnostic tests and medical therapies for stable angina have evolved significantly in the past decade, leading to a better understanding of the role of revascularization. Coronary computed tomographic angiography plays a crucial role in evaluating patients with stable angina, while novel therapies for lipids and type 2 diabetes have shown improvements in cardiovascular outcomes for patients with stable ischemic heart disease.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2021)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Outcomes in the ISCHEMIA Trial Based on Coronary Artery Disease and Ischemia Severity

Harmony R. Reynolds et al.

Summary: The ISCHEMIA trial found that the severity of ischemia was not associated with increased risk after adjustment for CAD severity. More severe CAD was related to increased risk. Invasive management did not lower all-cause mortality at 4 years in any ischemia or CAD subgroup.

CIRCULATION (2021)

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Refractory Angina From Pathophysiology to New Therapeutic Nonpharmacological Technologies

Guglielmo Gallone et al.

JACC-CARDIOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS (2020)

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Health-Status Outcomes with Invasive or Conservative Care in Coronary Disease

John A. Spertus et al.

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Two Phase 3 Trials of Inclisiran in Patients with Elevated LDL Cholesterol

Kausik K. Ray et al.

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Initial Invasive or Conservative Strategy for Stable Coronary Disease

David J. Maron et al.

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Colchicine in Patients with Chronic Coronary Disease

Stefan M. Nidorf et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

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Is there an atherosclerotic continuum' from angina with unobstructed coronary arteries to MINOCA?

Giuseppe Ciliberti et al.

EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL (2019)

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Safety and Efficacy of Bempedoic Acid to Reduce LDL Cholesterol

Kausik K. Ray et al.

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Five-Year Outcomes after PCI or CABG for Left Main Coronary Disease

G. W. Stone et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2019)

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Efficacy and Safety of Low-Dose Colchicine after Myocardial Infarction

Jean-Claude Tardif et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2019)

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Cardiovascular Risk Reduction with Icosapent Ethyl for Hypertriglyceridemia

Deepak L. Bhatt et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2019)

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A 'diamond' approach to personalized treatment of angina

Roberto Ferrari et al.

NATURE REVIEWS CARDIOLOGY (2018)

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Is invasive coronary provocation testing cost-effective among MINOCA patients?

Giuseppe Ciliberti et al.

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Predictors of poor clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction and non-obstructed coronary arteries (MINOCA)

Giuseppe Ciliberti et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY (2018)

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International standardization of diagnostic criteria for microvascular angina

Peter Ong et al.

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Sustained Physical Activity, Not Weight Loss, Associated With Improved Survival in Coronary Heart Disease

Trine Moholdt et al.

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Association of Body Mass Index With Lifetime Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Compression of Morbidity

Sadiya S. Khan et al.

JAMA CARDIOLOGY (2018)

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G. G. Schwartz et al.

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Nicorandil and Long-acting Nitrates: Vasodilator Therapies for the Management of Chronic Stable Angina Pectoris

Jason M. Tarkin et al.

EUROPEAN CARDIOLOGY REVIEW (2018)

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Daisuke Sueta et al.

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Antithrombotic agents for secondary prevention after acute coronary syndromes: A systematic review and network meta-analysis

Alexander C. Fanaroff et al.

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Ranolazine for rhythm control in atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Federico Guerra et al.

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Safety of intracoronary provocative testing for the diagnosis of coronary artery spasm

Giuseppe Ciliberti et al.

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The Role of Nitroglycerin and Other Nitrogen Oxides in Cardiovascular Therapeutics

Sanjay Divakaran et al.

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Evolocumab and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease

Marc S. Sabatine et al.

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Rivaroxaban with or without Aspirin in Stable Cardiovascular Disease

J. W. Eikelboom et al.

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Antiinflammatory Therapy with Canakinumab for Atherosclerotic Disease

P. M. Ridker et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2017)

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Effect of ivabradine on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with stable angina: meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

Hayelom Gebrekirstos Mengesha et al.

BMC CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS (2017)

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Ivabradine: A Review of Labeled and Off-Label Uses

Carrie S. Oliphant et al.

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Trimetazidine in Practice: Review of the Clinical and Experimental Evidence

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Beta-Blockers and Calcium Channel Blockers: First Line Agents

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Coronary-Artery Bypass Surgery in Patients with Ischemic Cardiomyopathy

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Ranolazine: A Contemporary Review

Erin Rayner-Hartley et al.

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Long-Term Use of Ticagrelor in Patients with Prior Myocardial Infarction

Marc P. Bonaca et al.

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Ezetimibe Added to Statin Therapy after Acute Coronary Syndromes

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Relative efficacy of antianginal drugs used as add-on therapy in patients with stable angina: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Coronary-Artery Bypass Surgery in Patients with Left Ventricular Dysfunction

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