Association of Tafamidis With Health Status in Patients With ATTR Cardiac Amyloidosis A Post Hoc Analysis of the ATTR-ACT Randomized Clinical Trial

IMPORTANCE Tafamidis reduced all-cause mortality and cardiovascular-related hospitalizations and minimized patient-reported health status deterioration at 30 months in patients with transthyretin (ATTR) amyloidosis. However, the clinical significance of health status changes remains unclear, particularly in patients with New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III symptoms who experienced more cardiovascular-related hospitalizations than those with NYHA class I-II symptoms.OBJECTIVE To evaluate the health status of patients taking tafamidis with baseline NYHA class III symptoms. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This randomized clinical trial post hoc analysis evaluated data for patients with transthyretin (ATTR) cardiac amyloidosis and NYHA class I-III symptoms at baseline who were enrolled in ATTR-ACT, a placebo-controlled study of tafamidis held at 48 sites in 13 countries. INTERVENTIONS Tafamidis meglumine, 80 mg or 20 mg (pooled cohort), vs placebo.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Established thresholds for clinical benefit on the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire Overall Summary (KCCQ-OS) were used to define response groups (very large decline to very large improvement); the proportion of patients in each group was calculated within each baseline NYHA class.RESULTS Among 441 patients (264 tafamidis, 177 placebo), the mean (SD) age was 74.3 (7.0) years; 398 (90%) were male and 43 (10%) were female. Mean (SD) baseline KCCQ-OS scores were 67.3 (21.4) in the tafamidis group and 65.9 (21.7) in the placebo group (range: 0-100, with 100 indicating the best health). There was a significant shift toward better KCCQ-OS scores in patients receiving tafamidis (odds ratio for 10-point improvement 2.4; 95% CI, 1.6-3.4; P < .001). More patients taking tafamidis were alive and not worse at all time points (37% vs 15% at month 30). These findings were similar in patients with NYHA class III symptoms. In patients with NYHA class III symptoms alive at 30 months, improvements in health status were more common (35% vs 10%) and declines were less common (38% vs 57%) with tafamidis vs placebo.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In ATTR-ACT, although patients with baseline NYHA class III symptoms had worse overall outcomes, treatment with tafamidis yielded better health status compared with placebo.

Automated summary

In patients with transthyretin (ATTR) amyloidosis, tafamidis reduced mortality and hospitalizations related to cardiovascular events, and improved patient-reported health status over a 30-month period. The clinical significance of health status changes, especially in patients with NYHA class III symptoms, remains uncertain.