期刊
SCIENCE ADVANCES
卷 8, 期 49, 页码 -出版社
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add7729
关键词
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资金
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) [SPP1926 425994138, 315193289, SFB 1315, EXC-2049-390688087, 442616457, 412853334]
- European Research Council Advanced [767092, ERC2019-ADG-885090]
- French National Research Agency ANR Holoptogen [AAPG2019]
- Israel Science Foundation [3592/19, 3121/20]
- European Union [860974]
- Hertie Foundation
- DFG [SFB1425]
This article reports on the molecular analysis of recently discovered KCRs and the identification of a novel type of hydrophobic K+ selectivity filter. Among these, WiChR from Wobblia lunata features a highly selective KCR signature motif, stable photocurrents, and prolonged open-state lifetime, making it suitable for low irradiance and reduced tissue heating single- and two-photon inhibition in cardiac myocytes and neurons.
The electric excitability of muscle, heart, and brain tissue relies on the precise interplay of Na+- and K+-selective ion channels. The involved ion fluxes are controlled in optogenetic studies using light-gated channelrhodopsins (ChRs). While non-selective cation-conducting ChRs are well established for excitation, K+-selective ChRs (KCRs) for efficient inhibition have only recently come into reach. Here, we report the molecular analysis of recently discovered KCRs from the stramenopile Hyphochytrium catenoides and identification of a novel type of hydrophobic K+ selectivity filter. Next, we demonstrate that the KCR signature motif is conserved in related stramenopile ChRs. Among them, WiChR from Wobblia lunata features a so far unmatched preference for K+ over Na+, stable photocurrents under continuous illumination, and a prolonged open-state lifetime. Showing high expression levels in cardiac myocytes and neurons, WiChR allows single- and two-photon inhibition at low irradiance and reduced tissue heating. Therefore, we recommend WiChR as the long-awaited efficient and versatile optogenetic inhibitor.
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