Exploring the spatiotemporal patterns and correlates of urban vitality: Temporal and spatial heterogeneity

Urban vitality has long been a focus of urban planners and designers. This study portrays the spatiotemporal patterns of urban vitality in Chengdu, China, on weekdays and weekends and examines their relationship with a set of factors using spatial regression and geographically weighted regression models. The results reveal that the spatial distribution of urban vitality displays a clustered and polycentric pattern, which can be attributed to urban spatial structure. Urban vitality varies considerably throughout the day on weekdays and weekends, and it consistently decreases as the distance to the city center increases. Furthermore, weekday vitality is much more predictable (less random) than weekend vitality, indicating that human activity patterns present higher regu-larity on weekdays than on weekends. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), road density, the number of residential facilities, and land-use mix have positive influences on urban vitality on weekdays and weekends, while the distance to the metro station has negative influences. The influences of NDVI on urban vitality in the city center are negative on weekdays but become positive on weekends. The influences of the distance to the metro station are more homogeneously distributed on weekends than on weekdays. Finally, this study calls for temporally and spatially varying policies for urban vitality enhancement.

Automated summary

This study investigates the spatiotemporal patterns of urban vitality in Chengdu, China, and its relationship with various factors. The findings reveal that urban vitality exhibits a clustered and polycentric distribution and varies throughout weekdays and weekends. The study also identifies several factors that positively influence urban vitality, such as vegetation index, road density, number of residential facilities, and land-use mix. However, distance to the metro station has a negative impact. The study emphasizes the need for policies targeting urban vitality enhancement that consider temporal and spatial variation.