Transcranial direct current stimulation of the frontal-parietal-temporal area attenuates cue-induced craving for heroin

Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is an effective approach to modulate brain region functions. We assessed if a single tDCS session over the bilateral frontal-parietal-temporal (FPT) areas would reduce cue induced craving in heroin addicts. Methods: Twenty non-treated, long-term heroin-addicted subjects were randomly assigned to receive either real tDCS (1.5 mA, cathodal over bilateral FPT for 20 min) or control tDCS stimulation (turning off the stimulation after 30 s). The participants received heroin cue exposure (containing both injection and inhalation procedures) before and after stimulation and rated their craving after each block of cue presentation. Results: Stimulation of the bilateral FPT with real tDCS for 20 min reduced craving scores significantly (68 +/- 8.4 pre-stimulation vs. 43 +/- 7.6 post-stimulation, p = 0.003), while the control stimulation group showed no significant changes. No side effects of tDCS were reported. Conclusions: One session of tDCS over bilateral FPT area significantly reduced subjective craving score induced by heroin cues in heroin addicted subjects. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.