Discrete-time COVID-19 epidemic model with chaos, stability and bifurcation

In this paper, we explore local behavior at fixed points, chaos and bifurcations of a discrete COVID-19 epidemic model in the interior of R5+. It is explored that for all involved parametric values, COVID-19 model has boundary fixed point and also it has an interior fixed point under certain parametric condition(s). We have investigated local behavior at boundary and interior fixed points of COVID-19 model by linear stability theory. It is also explored the existence of possible bifurcations at respective fixed points, and proved that at boundary fixed point there exists no flip bifurcation but at interior fixed point it undergoes both flip and hopf bifurcations, and we have explored said bifurcations by explicit criterion. Moreover, chaos in COVID-19 model is also investigated by feedback control strategy. Finally, theoretical results are verified numerically.

Automated summary

This paper investigates the local behavior, chaos, and bifurcations of a discrete COVID-19 epidemic model in the interior of R5+. The existence of boundary and interior fixed points is explored for all parametric values, and their behavior is analyzed using linear stability theory. It is found that there is no flip bifurcation at the boundary fixed point, but both flip and hopf bifurcations occur at the interior fixed point. The existence of these bifurcations is explored using explicit criteria. Additionally, chaos in the COVID-19 model is investigated through a feedback control strategy, and the theoretical results are verified numerically.