A Review of Bimetallic and Monometallic Nanoparticle Synthesis via Laser Ablation in Liquid

Pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) is a physical and top-down approach used to fabricate nanoparticles (NPs). Herein, the research methods and current trends in PLAL literature are reviewed, including the recent uses of PLAL for fabricating bimetallic nanoparticles (BNPs) and composites. BNPs have gained attention owing to their advanced physicochemical properties over monometallic NPs. PLAL involves the irradiation of a solid target (usually a rod, plate, or thin film) under a liquid medium. The liquid collects the ejected NPs resulting from the laser processing, which produces a colloid that can be in various applications, including plasmon sensing, energy harvesting, and drug delivery. The most used fabrication techniques, including the use of microorganisms, do not have precise NP size control and require the separation of the microorganisms from the produced NPs. PLAL is quicker at producing NPs than bottom-up methods. The drawbacks of PLAL include the need to find the required laser processing parameters, which requires extensive experimentation, and the complex and non-linear relationships between the inputs and the outputs (e.g., NP size).

Automated summary

Pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) is a physical and top-down method for fabricating nanoparticles (NPs). This review summarizes the research methods and current trends in PLAL literature, focusing on the fabrication of bimetallic nanoparticles (BNPs) and composites. PLAL involves irradiating a solid target under a liquid medium and collecting the ejected NPs to form a colloid. It has various applications, but drawbacks include the need for optimization of laser processing parameters and complex relationships between inputs and outputs.