Antibacterial Activity of Crude Extract and Purified Acetogenins from Annona muricata Seeds

Currently, several biological activities are attributed to the acetogenins (ACGs) of Annonaceae (including Annona muricata); among these is antimicrobial activity. The main focus of this experiment was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of the crude extract (CE) and purified acetogenins (P-ACGs) from the endosperm of A. muricata seeds using agar disk diffusion, lethality, sub-lethal, and potential damage membrane tests against Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. According to the results, P-ACGs present the highest antibacterial effect (12.5-4000 mu g/mL) against Enterococcus faecalis (11-15.67 mm), Listeria monocytogenes (12-18 mm), Aeromonas hydrophila (10.33-11.67 mm), Bulkholderia cenocepacia (11-12 mm), and Salmonella paratiphy (11-15.67 mm), and a minimum inhibitory concentration ranging from 0.009 to 12.50 mu g/mL. Measurement of the membrane potential shows that, in the presence of P-ACGs, the number of viable cells is reduced, with a significant logarithmic reduction observed (0.38, 1.27, and 1.81 CFU/mL) and a significant sub-lethal lesion (57.78, 96.14, and 98.42%) in Escherichia coli, E. faecalis, and L. monocytogenes, respectively. According to this study, the results demonstrate that P-ACGs from A. muricata seeds are potent and effective antibacterial compounds with potential pharmaceutical applications.

Automated summary

This study evaluated the antimicrobial effect of crude extract (CE) and purified acetogenins (P-ACGs) from the endosperm of A. muricata seeds against Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. The results showed that P-ACGs had strong antibacterial activity against several microorganisms, with a minimum inhibitory concentration ranging from 0.009 to 12.50 μg/mL. Additionally, P-ACGs caused significant sub-lethal damage in certain bacteria.