Evaluation of Mask Performances in Filtration and Comfort in Fabric Combinations

A systemic study on improving particulate pollutant filtration efficiency through the combination of conventional fabrics is presented with the objective of finding comfortable, yet effective airway mask materials and products. Fabrics, nonwovens, and their combinations made of cotton, silk, wool, and synthetic fibers are examined on their filtration efficiency for aerosol particles with diameters ranging from 0.225 mu m to 3.750 mu m under industry-standard testing conditions. It is found that composite fabrics can improve filtration efficiency more than just layers of the same fabric, and the filtration quality factor of some of the fabric combinations can exceed that of the standard melt-blown materials. In addition, fabric friction and charging between the combined layers also improve filtration efficiency substantially. With a broader understanding of the fabric characteristics, we may design mask products with reduced facial skin discomfort, better aesthetics, as well as the ability to alleviate the environmental impact of discarded protective masks in the extended period of controlling the transmission of pollutants and viruses, such as during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Automated summary

This study investigates the improvement of particulate pollutant filtration efficiency through the combination of conventional fabrics with the aim of finding comfortable and effective airway mask materials and products. Fabrics, nonwovens, and their combinations made of different materials are examined under industry-standard testing conditions. The results show that composite fabrics can enhance filtration efficiency and some fabric combinations outperform standard melt-blown materials. Fabric friction and charging between layers also contribute to improved filtration efficiency. This research provides valuable insights for designing mask products that are comfortable, aesthetically pleasing, and environmentally friendly.