Genomic data reveals the emergence of the co-occurrence of blaKPC-2 and blaCTX-M-15 in an Escherichia coli ST648 strain isolated from rectal swab within the framework of hospital surveillance

Objectives: The worldwide dissemination of carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli lineages belong-ing to high-risk clones poses a challenging public health menace. The aim of this work was to investi-gate genomic features of a colonizing multidrug-resistant strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing E. coli from our institution.Methods: Whole-genome sequencing was done by Illumina MiSeq-I, and de novo assembly was achieved using SPAdes. Resistome, mobilome, plasmids, virulome, and integrons were analysed using ResFinder, AMRFinder, ISFinder, PlasmidFinder, MOB-suite, VirulenceFinder, and IntegronFinder. Sequence types (STs) were identified with pubMLST and BIGSdb databases. Conjugation assays were also performed.Results: Escherichia coli HA25pEc was isolated from a rectal swab sample taken within the framework of the hospital epidemiological surveillance protocol for detection of carbapenemase-producing Enterobac-terales. Escherichia coli HA25pEc corresponded to the first report of ST648 co-harbouring blaKPC-2 and blaCTX-M-15 in Latin America from a colonized patient. It had 19 antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), includ-ing blaKPC-2, located on a Tn4401a isoform. Conjugation assays revealed that blaKPC-2 was not transferred by conjugation to E. coli J53 under our experimental conditions.Conclusion: Escherichia coli ST648 has been detected previously in companion and farm animals as well as in hospital-and community-acquired infections worldwide. Although scarcely reported as KPC-producers, our finding in a culture surveillance with several acquired ARGs, including blaCTX-M-15, alerts the potential of this clone for worldwide unnoticed spreading of extreme drug resistance to beta-lactams. These data reinforce the importance of carrying out molecular surveillance to identify reservoirs and warn about the dissemination of new international clones in carbapenemase-bearing patients.(c) 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ )

Automated summary

This study investigated the genomic features of a multi-drug resistant strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing Escherichia coli. The strain carried 19 antibiotic resistance genes and had the potential for global dissemination.