Technoeconomic Analysis of Fuel Cell Vehicle-to-Grid (FCV2G) System Supported by Photovoltaic Energy

The investigation of fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) connected to grid (FCV2G) technology regarding the reduction of consumer costs is proposed. Herein, the key contribution is to investigate the energy and profit analysis aspects of an FCV2G system supported by photovoltaic (PV) panels for a 24 h operation. For this, an FCV in the rating of 100 kW is connected to the grid/homes, and a detailed analysis is performed for the FCV2G system supported by PV energy in the rating of 40 kW. The designed system is primarily tested for energy transfer from FCV/PV to grid/homes, and the results are verified for dynamic loading situations. It is observed that FCV + PV supply excess power to the grid during flexible hours of the day, and consumer homes use additional energy from the grid during peak hours. The profit analysis of the established FCV2G system is conducted using the load profile data for the 24 h situation. FCV2G supported by a PV system verifies that the homes' consumption cost is reduced significantly, and the remaining energy is utilized by selling the energy to the grid.

Automated summary

This study proposes an investigation into fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) connected to grid (FCV2G) technology with a focus on reducing consumer costs. The energy and profit analysis aspects of an FCV2G system supported by photovoltaic (PV) panels for 24-hour operation are examined. The system is tested for energy transfer from FCV/PV to grid/homes, and the results demonstrate that excess power is supplied to the grid during flexible hours while homes consume additional energy from the grid during peak hours. The profit analysis shows that the FCV2G system significantly reduces homes' consumption costs and allows for the sale of excess energy to the grid.