Superlattice Stacking by Confinement of the Layered Double Hydroxide/Vanadium Carbide Hybrid Composite. The Effect on Interlayer Anions (SO42-and CO32-) for Comparing the Electrochemical Sensing of a Food Adulterant

Ractopamine, a major beta-agonist, is a feed supple-ment that encourages leanness and enhances the effectiveness of food processing in domesticated animals; however, it is hazardous to human health. So, developing an effective analytical approach to identify ractopamine for food safety control is critical. As a result of this work, disposable electrodes fabricated with a sponge-like nickel iron carbonated layered double hydroxide (NiFe-LDH) trapped vanadium carbide (VC) nanocomposite for the detection of clenbuterol and ractopamine (RAC) are being developed. The synergetic impact of NiFe-LDH and VC nanoparticles results in an increased active surface area, quick electron transportation, and ion diffusion, all of which help the proposed sensor achieve a better electrochemical performance for RAC detection. Analytical and spectroscopic approaches are used to characterize the physical and structural properties of the VC@NiFe-LDH nanocomposite as it is synthesized. Cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) methods are also used to study the electrocatalytic activity of the synthesized nanocomposite. As anionic scavengers, LDH offers various advantages; thus, VC@NiFe-LDH undergoes carbonation and sulfonation. As a result, the carbonate anion between the LDH layers is exceptionally stable, which also increases the sensing performance. The sensor has dynamic qualities such as a large linear response range (0.01-179.34 mu M), a low detection limit of 1.1 nM, selectivity, the sensitivity of 94.32 mu A mu M-1 cm2, and reproducibility (6 electrodes), indicating that the VC@NiFe-LDH (C) sensor can determine RAC without interference. As a result, the developed sensor's enhanced electrochemical behavior confirms its practicality and viability in actual meat samples with acceptable recovery ranges.

Automated summary

This study developed a disposable electrode fabricated with a sponge-like nickel iron carbonated layered double hydroxide (NiFe-LDH) trapped vanadium carbide (VC) nanocomposite for the detection of clenbuterol and ractopamine (RAC). The sensor showed a large linear response range, low detection limit, high sensitivity, and good reproducibility.