Remote patient monitoring using artificial intelligence: Current state, applications, and challenges

The adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare is growing rapidly. Remote patient monitoring (RPM) is one of the common healthcare applications that assist doctors to monitor patients with chronic or acute illness at remote locations, elderly people in-home care, and even hospitalized patients. The reliability of manual patient monitoring systems depends on staff time management which is dependent on their workload. Conventional patient monitoring involves invasive approaches which require skin contact to monitor health status. This study aims to do a comprehensive review of RPM systems including adopted advanced technologies, AI impact on RPM, challenges and trends in AI-enabled RPM. This review explores the benefits and challenges of patient-centric RPM architectures enabled with Internet of Things wearable devices and sensors using the cloud, fog, edge, and blockchain technologies. The role of AI in RPM ranges from physical activity classification to chronic disease monitoring and vital signs monitoring in emergency settings. This review results show that AI-enabled RPM architectures have transformed healthcare monitoring applications because of their ability to detect early deterioration in patients' health, personalize individual patient health parameter monitoring using federated learning, and learn human behavior patterns using techniques such as reinforcement learning. This review discusses the challenges and trends to adopt AI to RPM systems and implementation issues. The future directions of AI in RPM applications are analyzed based on the challenges and trends.This article is categorized under:Application Areas > Health CareTechnologies > Artificial IntelligenceTechnologies > Internet of Things

Automated summary

The adoption of AI in healthcare is rapidly increasing, particularly in remote patient monitoring (RPM). This study provides a comprehensive review of RPM systems, exploring the use of advanced technologies and AI impact on RPM. The benefits and challenges of patient-centric RPM architectures enabled with IoT wearable devices, sensors, cloud, fog, edge, and blockchain technologies are discussed. The role of AI in RPM ranges from physical activity classification to chronic disease monitoring and vital signs monitoring. The review highlights the transformative potential of AI-enabled RPM in early detection of health deterioration and personalized patient monitoring.