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Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cecylia S. Lupala et al.
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus has resulted in over 270 million infections and 5.3 million deaths worldwide. The emergence of the Omicron variant has raised concerns about reducing vaccine efficacy and neutralizing antibodies due to its numerous mutations. Analysis indicates that the Omicron variant binds more strongly to the human ACE2 protein, with mutations at the ACE2-RBD interface enhancing tight binding through increased hydrogen bonding interactions and enlarged buried solvent accessible surface area.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vivek Naranbhai et al.
Summary: This study shows that T cell responses to the Omicron variant are largely preserved in individuals with prior infection, vaccination, or booster vaccination, although a subset of individuals may experience a reduction in T cell reactivity to the Omicron spike protein.
Review
Hematology
Bulent Kantarcioglu et al.
Summary: The development of various vaccine platforms against SARS-CoV-2 has made remarkable progress, targeting the viral spike proteins to generate antibodies. However, the therapeutic efficacy of these vaccines varies and COVID-19 variants may be resistant to the antibodies generated by current vaccines. The clinical use of these vaccines is currently authorized for emergency use, and studies in special populations are still pending. Strategies such as booster doses and combination vaccines are being discussed to address these challenges.
CLINICAL AND APPLIED THROMBOSIS-HEMOSTASIS
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Samantha J. Westrop et al.
Summary: The study demonstrates that heterologous vaccination schedules with adenoviral-vector and mRNA vaccines are highly immunogenic and may be recommended in cases of serious adverse reactions to a specific vaccine product.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Virology
Derya Caglayan et al.
Summary: This study evaluated the antibody levels after CoronaVac vaccination and heterologous/homologous booster administration among healthcare workers in Turkey. The results showed a decline in antibody levels over time, with a reduction of 61.4% or more in some participants. Chronic disease and the age group of 36-50 were identified as predictors for low antibody response. Participants who received the BNT162b2 vaccine showed a 104.8-fold increase in antibody levels.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sue Ann Costa Clemens et al.
Summary: A study was conducted to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of a third dose of heterologous or homologous vaccines in Brazilian adults who had previously received two doses of CoronaVac. The results showed that a third dose of heterologous vaccines (recombinant adenoviral vectored vaccine or mRNA vaccine) significantly increased immune responses and could improve protection against infection.
Article
Respiratory System
Chris Ka Pun Mok et al.
Summary: The study found that vaccination with BNT162b2 induces significantly stronger humoral immune responses than CoronaVac. Additionally, BNT162b2 vaccine recipients had higher levels of antibody protection threshold. Age was negatively correlated with antibody levels post-vaccination. Both vaccines induced SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses, but CoronaVac elicited higher levels of structural protein-specific T-cell responses.
Article
Microbiology
Sharifa Nasreen et al.
Summary: The study conducted in Ontario, Canada, analyzed the effectiveness of BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech Comirnaty), mRNA-1273 (Moderna Spikevax), and ChAdOx1 (AstraZeneca Vaxzevria) vaccines against different variants of SARS-CoV-2. The findings suggest that two doses of the vaccines provide higher protection, and the effectiveness against hospitalization or death is similar to or higher than against symptomatic infection.
NATURE MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rishi R. Goel et al.
Summary: This study examined the antibody and memory B cell responses after 2-dose mRNA vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 for a period of 9-10 months, as well as 3 months after a third dose. The results showed that antibody decay stabilized between 6 and 9 months, and the quality of antibodies continued to improve for at least 9 months after the second dose. The study also found that Spike and RBD-specific memory B cells remained durable over time, and a significant portion of RBD-specific memory B cells could bind to multiple variants. Omicron-binding memory B cells were efficiently activated by a third dose of the wild-type vaccine, leading to an increase in neutralizing antibody titers.
Letter
Virology
Lei Yue et al.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jing Lian Suah et al.
Summary: This study investigated the waning vaccine effectiveness (VE) of BNT162b2 and CoronaVac vaccines against COVID-19 infection, ICU admission, and death. The results showed that the VE of BNT162b2 against COVID-19 infection decreased from 90.8% to 79.3% over time, while the VE against ICU admission and death remained stable. For CoronaVac, the VE against COVID-19 infection declined from 74.5% to 30.4%, and the effectiveness against ICU admission also decreased. The study concludes that the VE against COVID-19 infection decreases after 3-5 months of full vaccination for both BNT162b2 and CoronaVac vaccines in Malaysia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Wing Ying Au et al.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Nagendrakumar B. Singanallur et al.
Summary: Plasma samples from donors who received AstraZeneca, Pfizer, and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines were assessed in virus neutralization assays. The results showed a significant increase in neutralizing antibody titres against Delta and VIC31 after the third dose, while neutralization of Omicron was observed only after the third dose.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Sunate Chuenkitmongkol et al.
Summary: COVID-19 vaccines provide consistently high protection against serious clinical outcomes, regardless of variant. Different types of vaccines show equivalent effectiveness. Encouraging strategies to reduce COVID-19 hospitalizations and deaths is more important than preventing infections with specific variants.
EXPERT REVIEW OF VACCINES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wilfredo F. Garcia-Beltran et al.
Summary: New variants of SARS-CoV-2 show high resistance to vaccine neutralization, with some able to escape vaccine responses with just a few mutations, highlighting the importance of developing broadly protective measures against variants.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Alasdair P S Munro et al.
News Item
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ewen Callaway
News Item
Medicine, General & Internal
Ingrid Torjesen
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yinon M. Bar-On et al.
Summary: After receiving a third dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine, Israeli residents aged 60 and above who had previously received two doses of the vaccine saw significantly lower rates of confirmed Covid-19 infection and severe illness compared to those who did not receive a booster shot, indicating the effectiveness of the booster dose in reducing infection and severe illness.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biology
Fang Tian et al.
Summary: Research indicates that the N501Y mutation in SARS-CoV-2 variants strengthens its interaction with ACE2, leading to an increased transmission rate, highlighting the need for close monitoring of future mutations in the virus' RBD.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Eunice Twumwaa Tagoe et al.
Summary: The development of COVID-19 vaccines does not mean the end of the pandemic, as countries need to purchase enough doses and successfully roll out vaccination plans. Low- and middle-income countries may encounter more challenges in vaccine distribution, but with strategies to overcome barriers and expand vaccination programs, successful rollout can be achieved.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qiang Gao et al.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hun-Sung Kim et al.
JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2018)
