SARS-CoV-2 infection augments species- and age-specific predispositions in cotton rats

Article Hematology

Evaluation of Bone Marrow Findings of COVID-19 by Minimally Invasive Autopsies: A Single Tertiary Care Centre Experience from India

Abhishek Purohit et al.

Summary: The study evaluated bone marrow findings of COVID-19 through minimally invasive autopsies, revealing evidence of secondary haemophagocytic lymphocytosis in COVID-19 cases.

INDIAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY AND BLOOD TRANSFUSION (2022)

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Review Virology

Autoimmune complications of COVID-19

Niloufar Yazdanpanah et al.

Summary: COVID-19 pandemic is still ongoing a year after it started, with accumulating evidence showing late-onset autoimmune complications. Research suggests that COVID-19 may lead to autoimmune hemolytic anemia and other diseases, understanding the pathophysiology could help in developing appropriate treatments.

JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Safety, tolerability and viral kinetics during SARS-CoV-2 human challenge in young adults

Ben Killingley et al.

Summary: This study establishes a new SARS-CoV-2 human challenge model and investigates the viral kinetics during primary infection. The findings have implications for public health recommendations and strategies to control the transmission of SARS-CoV-2.

NATURE MEDICINE (2022)

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Review Physiology

Comorbidities and increased mortality of COVID-19 among the elderly: A systematic review

Anna Peterfi et al.

Summary: This study conducted a systematic review of articles published between 2019 and 2021 on the relationship between comorbidities and COVID-19 mortality among the elderly population. The included studies found that certain conditions, such as cardiovascular, respiratory, renal diseases, malignancies, diseases of the nervous system, and diabetes, are associated with increased mortality in elderly patients with COVID-19.

PHYSIOLOGY INTERNATIONAL (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Evidence for Interplay Between the Renin-Angiotensin System and Toll-Like Receptor 4 Signaling Pathways in the Induction of Virus-Induced Acute Lung Injury

Stefanie N. Vogel et al.

Summary: This article pays tribute to Howard Young, a scientist who has provided exceptional mentorship in molecular biology. The author expresses gratitude for his guidance and hopes to continue sharing a passion for learning and mentoring others.

JOURNAL OF INTERFERON AND CYTOKINE RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Species-specific transcriptomic changes upon respiratory syncytial virus infection in cotton rats

Britton A. Strickland et al.

Summary: This study generated comprehensive transcriptomes from multiple tissues of two species of cotton rats and compared gene expression changes and immune responses to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection between the two species. The transcriptomes serve as resources for future gene expression analysis studies and provide gene sequences for mechanistic characterization of molecular pathways. The results provide insights into the effect of host genetics on host-virus interactions and identify new host therapeutic targets for RSV treatment and prevention.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2022)

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Review Hematology

The Cause-Effect Dilemma of Hematologic Changes in COVID-19: One Year after the Start of the Pandemic

Ilham Youssry et al.

Summary: COVID-19 infection can cause hematological changes, most of which are non-specific but have prognostic value. Patients with certain hematological diseases and those receiving aggressive immunosuppressive therapy are more susceptible to COVID-19, while most patients with other chronic hematological conditions do not have a significantly higher risk of infection compared to the general population.

HEMATOLOGY REPORTS (2022)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Effect of aging on immunogenicity and efficacy of inactivated influenza vaccines in cotton ratsSigmodon hispidus

Marina S. Boukhvalova et al.

Summary: Older individuals show reduced serologic antibody response to inactivated influenza vaccines, but comparable protection against infection is observed in both young and elderly individuals. Double vaccination with the trivalent inactivated vaccine shows similar reduction of viral load in the lung and nose in young and aged animals, with lower HAI titers and seroconversion rates in the older group. Boosting of preexisting immunity is important for nasal protection in the elderly, while immunity boosting is essential for pulmonary pathology in the young.

HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS (2021)

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Editorial Material Otorhinolaryngology

COVID-19 Vaccines May Not Prevent Nasal SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Asymptomatic Transmission

Benjamin S. Bleier et al.

Summary: Current COVID-19 vaccine candidates, administered by injection to produce an IgG response, may not fully prevent viral shedding in the nasal cavity, potentially allowing transmission. Otolaryngology providers should continue taking precautions to protect vulnerable patients until further knowledge on mucosal immunity post-systemic vaccination is acquired.

OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY (2021)

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Review Infectious Diseases

Animal models for SARS-CoV-2 research: A comprehensive literature review

Kabita Pandey et al.

Summary: Emerging and re-emerging viral diseases can have devastating effects on human lives and economies. Efforts in understanding SARS-CoV-2 biology for vaccine development and therapeutic interventions are intensifying globally. Animal models that mimic human SARS-CoV-2 infection are crucial for studying the pathophysiology of the virus.

TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES (2021)

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Article Microbiology

Responses to acute infection with SARS-CoV-2 in the lungs of rhesus macaques, baboons and marmosets

Dhiraj Kumar Singh et al.

Summary: Non-human primate models, particularly macaques and baboons, demonstrate acute respiratory distress and immune responses similar to COVID-19 progression in humans, making them valuable for testing vaccines and therapies. Age appears to affect viral shedding, lung inflammation, and immune response in these animal models.

NATURE MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Pathology

Bone Marrow and Peripheral Blood Findings in Patients Infected by SARS-CoV-2

Cynthia K. Harris et al.

Summary: The study examined bone marrow findings in 20 deceased and 2 living patients with COVID-19, and found common hematologic abnormalities in deceased patients' peripheral blood, with frequent hemophagocytic histiocytes in their bone marrow.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

BNT162b vaccines protect rhesus macaques from SARS-CoV-2

Annette B. Vogel et al.

Summary: The two vaccine candidates, BNT162b1 and BNT162b2, developed contain modified messenger RNA encoding immunogens derived from the spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2. They have shown promising immune responses in mice and rhesus macaques, with ongoing phase I trials in Germany and the USA and a global phase II/III trial for BNT162b2.

NATURE (2021)

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Article Immunology

TLR2 senses the SARS-CoV-2 envelope protein to produce inflammatory cytokines

Min Zheng et al.

Summary: The study revealed that the envelope protein of SARS-CoV-2 is sensed by TLR2, leading to the production of inflammatory cytokines, and the severity of the disease is associated with the expression of TLR2 and MYD88. The findings demonstrate the critical role of TLR2 signaling in promoting proinflammatory cytokine production during coronavirus infection, providing new insights for therapeutic strategies against the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.

NATURE IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

SARS-CoV-2 infection of the oral cavity and saliva

Ni Huang et al.

Summary: The study highlights the potential role of the oral cavity in COVID-19 pathogenesis, with evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission via saliva. Viral shedding dynamics in saliva correlated with symptoms, and asymptomatic individuals were found to harbor sustained salivary antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 post-recovery.

NATURE MEDICINE (2021)

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Editorial Material Critical Care Medicine

Saliva as a gold-standard sample for SARS-CoV-2 detection

Steph H. Tan et al.

LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE (2021)

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Review Microbiology

Animal Models for COVID-19: Hamsters, Mouse, Ferret, Mink, Tree Shrew, and Non-human Primates

Shuyu Shou et al.

Summary: Selecting appropriate animal models for SARS-CoV-2 research is crucial for antiviral drug development and therapeutic effect evaluation.

FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Immunology

Association of Ocular Surface Diseases With SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Six Districts of China: An Observational Cohort Study

Shengjie Li et al.

Summary: The study found a significant association between ocular surface diseases and SARS-CoV-2 infection, indicating the need to increase awareness of eye protection, especially for patients with such diseases.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Toxicology

Perls' Prussian Blue Stains of Lung Tissue, Bronchoalveolar Lavage, and Sputum

Andrew J. Ghio et al.

Summary: The use of Perls' Prussian blue (PPB) stain is widespread in clinical medicine and research for identifying Fe3+ associated with hemosiderin, with ongoing novel applications. Structures that stain with PPB in lung tissue, BAL, and sputum include ferruginous bodies with either inorganic or carbonaceous cores. Macrophages are the only cells that stain with PPB in lung tissue, BAL, and sputum, known as iron- and hemosiderin-laden macrophages called siderophages or sideromacrophages.

JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL PATHOLOGY TOXICOLOGY AND ONCOLOGY (2021)

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Article Microbiology

Microbial community structure and composition is associated with host species and sex in Sigmodon cotton rats

Britton A. Strickland et al.

Summary: Summary: The study revealed distinct microbiome compositions in different inbred cotton rat species, particularly in their fecal microbiomes. Additionally, significant sex-based differences were observed in the microbiome composition of external sites.

ANIMAL MICROBIOME (2021)

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Editorial Material Medicine, General & Internal

Characteristics of and Important Lessons From the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in China Summary of a Report of 72 314 Cases From the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention

Zunyou Wu et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2020)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China

Chaolin Huang et al.

LANCET (2020)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China

W. Guan et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Clinical findings in a group of patients infected with the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) outside of Wuhan, China: retrospective case series

Xiao-Wei Xu et al.

BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (2020)

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Letter Anesthesiology

COVID-19 patients with respiratory failure: what can we learn from aviation medicine?

William Ottestad et al.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA (2020)

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Article Ophthalmology

Ocular manifestations of a hospitalised patient with confirmed 2019 novel coronavirus disease

Lu Chen et al.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY (2020)

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Editorial Material Critical Care Medicine

COVID-19 pneumonia: different respiratory treatments for different phenotypes?

Luciano Gattinoni et al.

INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE (2020)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Presenting Characteristics, Comorbidities, and Outcomes Among 5700 Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 in the New York City Area

Safiya Richardson et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2020)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Baseline Characteristics and Outcomes of 1591 Patients Infected With SARS-CoV-2 Admitted to ICUs of the Lombardy Region, Italy

Giacomo Grasselli et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2020)

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Article Allergy

COVID-19: Unanswered questions on immune response and pathogenesis

Enrico Maggi et al.

JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY (2020)

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Article Ophthalmology

Characteristics of Ocular Findings of Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Hubei Province, China

Ping Wu et al.

JAMA OPHTHALMOLOGY (2020)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Characteristics and Clinical Outcomes of Adult Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19-Georgia, March 2020

Jeremy A. W. Gold et al.

MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT (2020)

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Article Critical Care Medicine

Why COVID-19 Silent Hypoxemia Is Baffling to Physicians

Martin J. Tobin et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE (2020)

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Article Hematology

COVID-19 and coagulation: bleeding and thrombotic manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection

Hanny Al-Samkari et al.

BLOOD (2020)

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ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine prevents SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in rhesus macaques

Neeltje van Doremalen et al.

NATURE (2020)

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Article Pathology

COVID-19 pulmonary pathology: a multi-institutional autopsy cohort from Italy and New York City

Alain C. Borczuk et al.

MODERN PATHOLOGY (2020)

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A mouse-adapted model of SARS-CoV-2 to test COVID-19 countermeasures

Kenneth H. Dinnon et al.

NATURE (2020)

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Cesar Munoz-Fontela et al.

NATURE (2020)

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Silent hypoxia: higher NO in red blood cells of COVID-19 patients

Esmaeil Mortaz et al.

BMC PULMONARY MEDICINE (2020)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

ERYTHROCYTES AS A TARGET OF SARS COV-2 IN PATHOGENESIS OF COVID-19

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ARCHIV EUROMEDICA (2020)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES (2020)

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Review Virology

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VIRUSES-BASEL (2019)

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The lung is a site of platelet biogenesis and a reservoir for haematopoietic progenitors

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NATURE (2017)

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Lung as a Niche for Hematopoietic Progenitors

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Lung as a Niche for Hematopoietic Progenitors

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STEM CELL REVIEWS AND REPORTS (2017)

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Review Microbiology

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Enterovirus D-68 Infection, Prophylaxis, and Vaccination in a Novel Permissive Animal Model, the Cotton Rat (Sigmodon hispidus)

Mira C. Patel et al.

PLOS ONE (2016)

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Xerostomia, Hyposalivation, and Salivary Flow in Diabetes Patients

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Impaired Immune Response to Vaccination against Infection with Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus at Advanced Age

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VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES (2008)

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Article Immunology

Age-related differences in pulmonary cytokine response to respiratory syncytial virus infection: Modulation by anti-inflammatory and antiviral treatment

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OPHTHALMOLOGY (2003)

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Vaccine-enhanced respiratory syncytial virus disease in cotton rats following immunization with Lot 100 or a newly prepared reference vaccine

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JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY (2001)

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SARS-CoV-2 infection augments species- and age-specific predispositions in cotton rats

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