期刊
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
卷 12, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23901-7
关键词
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资金
- Tri-Service General Hospital [TSGH-D-111147]
- Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan [111-2314-B-035-001-MY3, 111-2314-B-039-036]
- China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital, Taiwan [CMUH110-REC3-180]
This study proposes a 3.5D U-Net model to improve the segmentation performance of teeth on CBCT. Majority voting and mathematical morphology operations can enhance the performance of U-Net. The 3.5Dv5 U-Net achieves the best segmentation performance among all models.
Deep learning allows automatic segmentation of teeth on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). However, the segmentation performance of deep learning varies among different training strategies. Our aim was to propose a 3.5D U-Net to improve the performance of the U-Net in segmenting teeth on CBCT. This study retrospectively enrolled 24 patients who received CBCT. Five U-Nets, including 2Da U-Net, 2Dc U-Net, 2Ds U-Net, 2.5Da U-Net, 3D U-Net, were trained to segment the teeth. Four additional U-Nets, including 2.5Dv U-Net, 3.5Dv5 U-Net, 3.5Dv4 U-Net, and 3.5Dv3 U-Net, were obtained using majority voting. Mathematical morphology operations including erosion and dilation (E&D) were applied to remove diminutive noise speckles. Segmentation performance was evaluated by fourfold cross validation using Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV). Kruskal-Wallis test with post hoc analysis using Bonferroni correction was used for group comparison. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Performance of U-Nets significantly varies among different training strategies for teeth segmentation on CBCT (P < 0.05). The 3.5Dv5 U-Net and 2.5Dv U-Net showed DSC and PPV significantly higher than any of five originally trained U-Nets (all P < 0.05). E&D significantly improved the DSC, accuracy, specificity, and PPV (all P < 0.005). The 3.5Dv5 U-Net achieved highest DSC and accuracy among all U-Nets. The segmentation performance of the U-Net can be improved by majority voting and E&D. Overall speaking, the 3.5Dv5 U-Net achieved the best segmentation performance among all U-Nets.
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