Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi on an Island: No H58, No Multidrug Resistance, but for How Long?

Article Infectious Diseases

Whole genome sequence analysis of Salmonella Typhi in Papua New Guinea reveals an established population of genotype 2.1.7 sensitive to antimicrobials

Zoe Anne Dyson et al.

Summary: This study provides a detailed overview of the population of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi circulating in Papua New Guinea over the past 30 years. The study found that the population is dominated by a single genotype (2.1.7) that is susceptible to several drugs. These findings contribute to the understanding of typhoid fever treatment and intervention strategies.

PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES (2022)

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Article Infectious Diseases

The international and intercontinental spread and expansion of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella Typhi: a genomic epidemiology study

Kesia Esther da Silva et al.

Summary: This study investigated the temporal and geographical patterns of antimicrobial-resistant S Typhi and found a declining trend of multidrug resistant typhoid in south Asia, except for Pakistan where extensively drug-resistant strains rapidly emerged and replaced less-resistant strains. There were independent acquisitions and propagations of mutations conferring antimicrobial resistance in S Typhi, predominantly in south Asia before spreading to other regions.

LANCET MICROBE (2022)

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Review Infectious Diseases

Typhoid fever control in the 21st century: where are we now?

Megan E. Carey et al.

Summary: This article reviews the latest data and research on typhoid conjugate vaccines, highlighting the challenge of antibiotic resistance in typhoid fever treatment and emphasizing the high efficacy and effectiveness of TCVs. It also emphasizes the importance of blood culture surveillance studies in understanding typhoid fever epidemiology.

CURRENT OPINION IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2022)

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Article Microbiology

Persistence of Rare Salmonella Typhi Genotypes Susceptible to First-Line Antibiotics in the Remote Islands of Samoa

Michael J. Sikorski et al.

Summary: In this study, the population structure, evolutionary origins, and genomic features of S. Typhi associated with decades of endemic typhoid fever in Samoa were characterized using whole genome sequencing and comparative genomics analyses. Rare S. Typhi population in Samoa that likely emerged around the early 1970s and evolved into sublineages that are presently dominant were identified. The dominance of these endemic genotypes in Samoa is not readily explained by genomic content or widespread acquisition of antimicrobial resistance. These data establish the necessary framework for future genomic surveillance of S. Typhi in Samoa for public health benefit.

MBIO (2022)

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Article Health Care Sciences & Services

Genomic epidemiology of Salmonella Typhi in Central Division, Fiji, 2012 to 2016

Mark R. Davies et al.

Summary: Genomic analysis of Salmonella Typhi in Fiji revealed two non-H58 genotypes with genetic similarities between Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations. Low rates of international clone importation and minimal antibiotic resistance were observed in the endemic Fijian typhoid genotypes.

LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-WESTERN PACIFIC (2022)

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Review Microbiology