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Article
Virology
Philippe Colson et al.
Summary: Three patients were found to carry SARS-CoV-2 of PANGO lineage R.1 with the E484K spike substitution. Additionally, there were 11 sequences from France and 8,831 worldwide available for comparison, with 92% originating from Japan. The three genome sequences from the institute were most closely related to another sequence from Guinea-Conakry, where one of the patients had traveled. These viruses did not show any unusual features in cell culture. Spike structural predictions indicated a 1.3-fold higher transmissibility index compared to the globally spread B.1.1.7 variant, but also a decrease in affinity for gangliosides, which may slow down dissemination. The spread of new SARS-CoV-2 mutants/variants is still not well understood and difficult to predict, hindering the implementation of effective preventive measures, including adapted vaccines.
ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Jacques Fantini et al.
Summary: The recently emerging SARS-CoV-2 variant omicron has a unique set of mutations and exhibits decreased affinity for the ACE-2 receptor compared to the delta variant. The omicron variant is predicted to be less pathogenic but may evade neutralizing antibodies generated by current vaccines, suggesting a potential decrease in vaccine effectiveness.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Linh Nguyen et al.
Summary: Evidence suggests that host glycans, specifically glycolipids containing sialic acid, play a role in facilitating the entry of SARS-CoV-2 virus into host cells by binding to the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein. Depletion of cell surface sialic acid levels through various methods decreases RBD binding and infection of the virus, indicating the importance of sialylated glycans in viral entry.
NATURE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Suji Kwon et al.
Summary: Synthetic mRNA has emerged as a promising biotherapeutic agent, especially in the development of mRNA vaccines. It allows fast, scalable, and cost-effective production, and has shown unprecedented impact in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. This review summarizes the latest technology and the innate immunogenicity of in vitro transcribed (IVT) mRNA, and discusses its role in vaccine development and future directions.
ARCHIVES OF PHARMACAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Virology
Philippe Colson et al.
Summary: Multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants have been spreading worldwide since the summer of 2020. In this study, three infections in southern France with a Delta-Omicron recombinant were reported. The hybrid genome contains signature mutations of two lineages and shows high nucleotide diversity. The recombinant virus was successfully cultured and observed using scanning electron microscopy. A specific duplex qPCR was designed for routine diagnosis of this recombinant virus, which is misidentified by current variant screening methods. Structural analysis suggests that the hybrid content of the recombinant spike protein could enhance viral binding to host cells. Further studies are needed to investigate the virological, epidemiological, and clinical features of this recombinant virus.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Philippe Colson et al.
Summary: The first cases diagnosed with the 21L/BA.2 Omicron variant have been identified in south-eastern France, with some cases associated with travel to Tanzania. The viral genomes of this variant show a high number of nucleotide and amino acid substitutions and deletions. Phylogenetic analysis reveals close relationships with genomes from England, South Africa, Singapore, Nepal, France, and Denmark. Additionally, the surface of the spike protein in the 21L/BA.2 variant has significant structural changes that may enhance viral interactions with lipid rafts.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Agam K. Rao et al.
MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Patrick Guerin et al.
Summary: This study analyzed the evolution of epitopes in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 and identified features associated with viral variants. The findings have significant implications for the development of new antiviral strategies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cody J. Warren et al.
Summary: The study found that simian arteriviruses can use CD163 as an intracellular receptor to enter and replicate in human monocytes, indicating that they may not require major adaptations to infect human hosts. Given the potential fatal infections caused by simian arteriviruses in captive macaques and the lack of immunity in humans, developing serology tests for human surveillance should be a priority.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shaza W. Shantier et al.
Summary: This study designed a multi-epitope vaccine against monkeypox virus, which showed good antigenicity and solubility. The vaccine was capable of binding with MHC I and MHC II alleles and elicited a specific immune response against the virus. Molecular dynamics study confirmed the stability of the designed vaccine.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Kay Choong See
Summary: Monkeypox virus infection in humans is a global public health concern, with over 3000 reported cases in more than 50 countries. Adults generally have mild disease, while poorer outcomes are observed in children, immunocompromised patients, and pregnant women. The risk-benefit profile of monkeypox-specific treatments is unclear, but two effective vaccines exist for prevention. Vaccination is likely to be a key strategy for mitigating the spread of monkeypox, with priority given to healthcare workers, immunocompromised patients, and children.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fodil Azzaz et al.
Summary: One of the important lessons from sequencing the human genome is that not all proteins have a 3D structure. A large part of the human proteome is composed of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) which can adopt multiple structures and functions. This raises questions about the value of algorithms like AlphaFold for protein structure prediction. In a recent study, we highlighted a weakness of AlphaFold for membrane proteins and proposed a new paradigm, the Epigenetic Dimension of Protein Structure (EDPS), which considers environmental factors beyond amino acid sequence. Comparing the predictions of AlphaFold and Robetta algorithms for membrane proteins involved in human pathologies, we found that Robetta was generally more accurate in determining membrane-compatible topology. We conclude that the epigenetic dimension is an intrinsic weakness of AI-based protein structure prediction, especially AlphaFold, which requires further development.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jacques Fantini et al.
Summary: Covid-19 is an infectious respiratory disease caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, with the NTD identified as a promising target for potential therapeutic and vaccine strategies. The 4A8 antibody selectively binds to the NTD, blocking the virus from entering lipid rafts, showcasing potential for innovative vaccine/therapeutic approaches.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Assou El-Battari et al.
Summary: The study introduces a gene therapy approach to prevent the formation of neurotoxic oligomers by targeting brain gangliosides, representing a new strategy for treating Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. By genetically modifying brain cells to secrete a therapeutic peptide inhibitor, the therapy effectively blocks the initial steps of neurodegeneration cascade and provides specific protection against oligomer formation. The results demonstrate the potential of this unique gene therapy approach in treating major neurodegenerative disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Virology
Suresh Kuchipudi et al.
Summary: Understanding viral emergence and zoonotic spillover from animals is crucial in preventing future outbreaks of zoonotic viruses.
Article
Virology
Rita Jaafar et al.
Summary: The study found significant inter-individual heterogeneity in neutralizing antibody levels induced by infection with different variants during the COVID-19 pandemic. Individuals vaccinated with the Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine showed the highest neutralizing antibody titres.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kosmas A. Galanis et al.
Summary: Research on predicting linear B-cell epitopes has been of increasing interest since the first method was developed in 1981. Accurate prediction of B-cell epitopes can enhance the efficiency and affordability of vaccine design, which is crucial in the current COVID-19 era. This study reviews the performance and methodology of commonly used linear B-cell epitope predictors, and proposes a consensus classifier to improve prediction accuracy and accelerate vaccine design.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jacques Fantini et al.
Summary: This study aimed to predict the transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 variants by analyzing genomic sequence data. The researchers found that the NTD and RBD domains of the spike protein synergistically affect virus adhesion, leading to mutations in both domains in most variants. They introduced a transmissibility index (T-index) based on the kinetic and affinity parameters of coronavirus binding to host cells, which can predict the dissemination of each variant in animal and human populations.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2021)
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Nouara Yahi et al.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaoman Sun et al.
Summary: The interaction between rotavirus and glycans plays a crucial role in receptor recognition and host tropism. Different genotypes of VP8* show specificity in recognizing various glycans. These insights provide a theoretical basis for the design of RV vaccines and antiviral drugs.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xue-Long Sun
Summary: SARS-CoV-2 may use sialic acids on host cell surfaces as initial attachment factors before binding to the ACE2 receptor, potentially in a two-step attachment fashion. Recent studies suggest that sialic acids may enhance viral binding to the ACE2 receptor, but sialic acids on the ACE2 receptor prevent interaction with the spike protein. Additionally, gangliosides have been identified as potential ligands for the receptor-binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jacques Fantini et al.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2020)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jacques Fantini et al.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2020)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Ayse Basak Engin et al.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Virology
Dileep Kumar Verma et al.
Article
Virology
Qian Yang et al.
Article
Virology
Daniel Byrd et al.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2013)
Review
Virology
Jason P. Laliberte et al.
Article
Virology
Abdulnaser Alkhalil et al.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Richard N. Greenberg et al.
EXPERT OPINION ON INVESTIGATIONAL DRUGS
(2008)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Rene Thomsen et al.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2006)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
E Villar et al.
GLYCOCONJUGATE JOURNAL
(2006)
Article
Virology
CS Chung et al.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2005)
