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Review
Microbiology
Manuel Ruiz-Aravena et al.
Summary: Bats are known to carry a variety of coronaviruses and have been identified as prime reservoir hosts for emerging viruses. Since the first SARS epidemic in 2002, the understanding of bats as key hosts of coronaviruses has rapidly advanced. There are critical knowledge gaps regarding bat coronaviruses, and filling these gaps may help prevent the next pandemic.
NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Suresh V. Kuchipudi et al.
Summary: White-tailed deer, particularly in Iowa, have been found to be susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection and show evidence of human-to-deer transmission. This discovery highlights the need for a One Health approach to better understand the ecology, molecular evolution, and dissemination of the virus.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Ariful Islam et al.
Summary: The origin of SARS-CoV-2 is believed to be linked to animals such as Rhinolophus bats, while the exact transmission pathways to humans remain unknown. Further studies are needed to understand the dynamics of transmission between animals and humans to prevent future epidemics and pandemics.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Sokani Sanchez-Montes et al.
Summary: The study conducted active surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in dogs and cats in the state of Veracruz, Mexico, showing negative results, making it the second surveillance of its kind in Latin America and the first in Mexico.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Raquel Silva Alves et al.
Summary: The study evaluated the presence of coronaviruses in vampire bats from southern Brazil, finding that only 2 out of 101 (1.98%) bats had coronavirus detected in their intestines. The sequences obtained were classified as belonging to Alphacoronavirus and were closely related to alphacoronaviruses detected in vampire bats from Peru, highlighting the importance of continuous monitoring of bat coronaviruses for potential zoonotic risks impacting human health.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Anna Camporesi et al.
Summary: Reliable testing methods for SARS-CoV-2 in children are crucial. This study compared the results of RT-PCR on nasopharyngeal swabs and tracheo-bronchial aspirates and found that the specificity of nasopharyngeal swabs was very high for negative cases in the pediatric cohort.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Annamaria Pratelli et al.
Summary: This article introduces a rRT-PCR test using a pooling strategy for simpler, faster, and less invasive monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The study shows that the pooling strategy can effectively detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA, even when the pool contains only one low viral load positive sample. This strategy has benefits for routine monitoring of groups in regions with a low SARS-CoV-2 prevalence.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Michael Erlichster et al.
Summary: The strategy of using pan-family viral assays can improve early accessibility and utility of nucleic acid testing during novel pandemics. Despite potential cross-reactivity with common pathogens, pan-family assays can be efficient for diagnosis and management with adjustments, making them suitable for tackling emerging diseases when species-specific testing methods are not fully developed.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Parakriti Gupta et al.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Nariman Shahhosseini et al.
Summary: Analyzing the SARS-CoV-2 genome revealed evidence of recombination between Bat-SL-CoV-2 and Pangolin-CoV, suggesting the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 may have resulted from this recombination event. While the evolutionary relationship of SARS-CoV-2 is closer to bat viruses, it is likely that the spillover transmission to humans occurred through pangolins rather than bats.
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Christoph Buchta et al.
Summary: The study analyzed the C-t values in SARS-CoV-2 virus genome detection, finding small variations in C-t values but around 7.7% of reported results showed significant deviations, indicating potential systematic errors.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Michael Le Page
Article
Virology
Mitchell Palmer et al.
Summary: White-tailed deer are highly susceptible to infection by SARS-CoV-2, shedding infectious virus and transmitting it to other deer upon intranasal inoculation, providing important insights into the potential animal hosts of the virus.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Ilya R. Fischhoff et al.
Summary: Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 between humans and animals can lead to establishment of virus reservoirs in wildlife, posing a threat to efforts to control COVID-19 and protect vulnerable animal populations. By combining ecological and biological traits of species with modeling of host-virus interactions using machine learning, predictions about the zoonotic capacity of SARS-CoV-2 for over 5000 mammals were made, revealing enhanced transmission risk from common mammals and geographic overlap with global COVID-19 hotspots.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Claudio Olmos et al.
Summary: Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection was detected in 3.14% of healthcare workers in a private clinic in Santiago, Chile. Most of the infected individuals did not show symptoms within 3 weeks of testing, and genetic analysis suggested community infection as the main source of transmission among healthcare workers. The study indicated that the protocols implemented in the clinic were effective in preventing nosocomial infection clusters caused by asymptomatic carriers.
Editorial Material
Immunology
Khan Sharun et al.
Summary: COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has affected millions worldwide. The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants poses a threat to pandemic control efforts, necessitating investigation into their impact on vaccines, therapeutics, and diagnostics. Vaccinating domestic animals can prevent the spread of the virus to wildlife, helping to eliminate SARS-CoV-2 and prevent its re-emergence in the future.
Review
Microbiology
Hayden D. Hedman et al.
Summary: Emerging infectious diseases, like COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2, pose great risks to public health. The origin and transmission pathways of SARS-CoV-2 remain unclear, with domestic minks being the only known animal susceptible to natural infection and able to transmit the virus to other minks and humans. A systems-oriented scientific approach is advocated to better understand and mitigate the spread of SARS-CoV-2 at the human and animal interface.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Christian A. Devaux et al.
Summary: The article discusses the origin of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, including the exclusion of intermediate animal hosts and human receptor studies, emphasizing the importance of in silico methods in research.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Editorial Material
Ecology
Andrea Chaves et al.
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has not only caused significant human mortality and economic impact globally, but also highlighted the importance of wildlife conservation efforts. Wildlife rehabilitation centers (WRCs) in Latin America are facing challenges due to the pandemic, including reduced resources, lack of support from authorities, and the risk of pathogen transmission. Increased biosecurity measures and proper reintroduction of wildlife are crucial in minimizing the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in these institutions.
Review
Oncology
Cristina Parolin et al.
Summary: Cross-species transmission of viruses can lead to serious diseases, such as COVID-19. The virus likely originated from an animal reservoir, possibly bats, infecting humans directly or through intermediate hosts. Research should focus on understanding the role of animals in the transmission and developing strategies to combat SARS-CoV-2 infections.
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Denis Jacob Machado et al.
Summary: This study analyzed 2006 unique and complete genomes of different lineages of Orthocoronavirinae, confirming the relationship between bat-hosted viruses and SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, and MERS-related viruses. The research showcased the risk of coronavirus transmission among animals.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Roger Frutos et al.
Summary: The origin of COVID-19 remains debated, with multiple hypotheses proposed but no clear explanation on how SARS-CoV-2 emerged in humans. While scientifically-valid facts are present alongside unverified statements, it has blurred the understanding of the virus's origin. The spillover model, considered the main explanation for zoonotic emergence, does not align with the virus dynamics and has potentially led research astray.
INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Thomas P. Peacock et al.
Summary: SARS-CoV-2 virus is believed to have originated from animals and can cause a range of outcomes in humans, from asymptomatic cases to COVID-19. Over a year into the pandemic, the virus continues to mutate, driven by factors such as single nucleotide polymorphisms and insertions/deletions, which may impact its transmissibility and pathogenicity.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Muhammad Bilal Sarwar et al.
Summary: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is still spreading globally, with Pakistan experiencing a severe third wave of infections. More genome sequencing is needed to monitor variants. In Lahore and surrounding areas, the Alpha variant dominates, with the Beta variant present at a lower level.
MICROBIAL GENOMICS
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Monica Pena et al.
Summary: This study compared a SARS-CoV-2 RAT and RT-PCR in 842 asymptomatic individuals from Tarapaca, Chile, reporting RAT might have a significant impact in some regions, especially in situations lacking laboratory conditions or requiring rapid results.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Virology
Itandehui Hernandez-Aguilar et al.
Summary: A study reviewed the frequency and host changes of coronaviruses in bat species in the Americas, revealing that most coronavirus infections are species-specific while some show host changes, primarily within the same subgenus. Only Mex-CoV-6 has been found to be related to MERS-CoV among the 187 coronavirus sequences identified in bats from the Americas. Further research effort in yet unexplored bat species is deemed necessary.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Sergio Villanueva-Saz et al.
Summary: Different species, including domestic and wild animals, can carry coronavirus. The Coroviridae family consists of four genera, including Alphacoronavirus, Betacoronavirus, Gammacoronavirus, and Deltacoronavirus. Some domestic animals, like sheep, can be susceptible to SARS-CoV-2. A study testing sheep serum samples from both pre-pandemic and pandemic periods showed no evidence of exposure to SARS-CoV-2, suggesting sheep may not play a significant role in the epidemiology of the virus. This is the first study to report the absence of evidence of sheep exposure to SARS-CoV-2 in natural conditions.
Article
Microbiology
Lorena Jemersic et al.
Summary: After testing dominant free-living and captive wildlife species in Croatia for anti-SARS CoV-2 antibodies and viral RNA, there was no evidence of animal infection. Further investigation is needed, especially regarding the impact of wildlife sample features on serological testing.
Review
Microbiology
Adeoye J. Kayode et al.
Summary: This review explores the pathogenesis, transmission dynamics, diagnosis, management strategies, and potential future developments of the coronavirus, pointing out bats as potential natural reservoirs and emphasizing the need for further research to prevent future outbreaks.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jeffrey C. Chandler et al.
Summary: Research indicates that white-tailed deer in the United States have been exposed to SARS-CoV-2, with 40% of samples testing positive for antibodies. This suggests that human infections of the novel coronavirus may have an impact on wildlife.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
R. J. Delahay et al.
Summary: The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 likely originated from wildlife, leading to human-to-animal transmission. The establishment of reservoirs of infection in wild animals poses challenges to infection control in humans and threatens wildlife welfare and conservation status. Efforts for dynamic risk assessment and targeted surveillance in wildlife are crucial for early detection and understanding the role of wild mammals in the epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2, integrating information from public and veterinary health initiatives.
ONE HEALTH OUTLOOK
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Lukasz Rabalski et al.
Summary: A study in northern Poland found that 15 out of 91 mink on a fur farm tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, with some carrying a variant with sporadic mutations in the spike protein. The study suggests implementing country-scale monitoring by veterinary inspection to detect SARS-CoV-2 in other mink farms.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Letter
Immunology
Susan A. Shriner et al.
Summary: The study found that wild minks captured around farms in Utah may serve as a potential pathway for transmitting SARS-CoV-2 to native wildlife.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Christoph Buchta et al.
Summary: The study analyzed C-t values reported in an external quality assessment challenge for SARS-CoV-2 virus genome detection, identifying systematic errors in some reported results. Results showed that the means of C-t values for different genes in positive samples varied by less than two cycles, but 7.7% of results deviated significantly from the respective means.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Sabateeshan Mathavarajah et al.
EVOLUTION MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2020)
Review
Microbiology
Michael Letko et al.
NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aniela Wozniak et al.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2020)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Francisca Romero et al.
REVISTA CHILENA DE HISTORIA NATURAL
(2019)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Hui Hu et al.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS
(2018)
