The kidney-brain pathogenic axis in severe falciparum malaria

Severe falciparum malaria is a medical emergency and a leading cause of death and neurodisability in endemic areas. Common complications include acute kidney injury (AKI) and cerebral malaria, and recent studies have suggested links between kidney and brain dysfunction in Plasmodium falciparum infection. Here, we review these new findings and present the hypothesis of a pivotal pathogenic crosstalk between the kidneys and the brain in severe falciparum malaria. We highlight the evidence of a role for distant organ involvement in the development of cerebral malaria and subsequent neurocognitive impairment post-recovery, describe the challenges associated with current diagnostic short-comings for both AKI and brain involvement in severe falciparum malaria, and explore novel potential therapeutic strategies.

Automated summary

Severe falciparum malaria is a medical emergency that causes death and neurodisability in endemic areas. Recent studies have indicated a correlation between kidney and brain dysfunction in Plasmodium falciparum infection. This review discusses the evidence and explores potential therapeutic strategies for this pathogenic crosstalk.