4.6 Article

A Wi-Fi-Based Passive Indoor Positioning System via Entropy-Enhanced Deployment of Wi-Fi Sniffers

期刊

SENSORS
卷 23, 期 3, 页码 -

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MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/s23031376

关键词

Internet of Things; Wi-Fi-based passive indoor positioning system; Wi-Fi Sniffer; received signal strength indicator

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This study presents a passive indoor positioning system (IPS) that uses Wi-Fi fingerprints collected by Wi-Fi Sniffers to estimate the position of a device-under-test (DUT). A modified Genetic Algorithm (GA) is proposed to optimize the Wi-Fi Sniffers' deployment. The preliminary results show an offline positioning accuracy of 2.2 m using 20 Wi-Fi Sniffers.
This study presents a Wi-Fi-based passive indoor positioning system (IPS) that does not require active collaboration from the user or additional interfaces on the device-under-test (DUT). To maximise the accuracy of the IPS, the optimal deployment of Wi-Fi Sniffers in the area of interest is crucial. A modified Genetic Algorithm (GA) with an entropy-enhanced objective function is proposed to optimize the deployment. These Wi-Fi Sniffers are used to scan and collect the DUT's Wi-Fi received signal strength indicators (RSSIs) as Wi-Fi fingerprints, which are then mapped to reference points (RPs) in the physical world. The positioning algorithm utilises a weighted k-nearest neighbourhood (WKNN) method. Automated data collection of RSSI on each RP is achieved using a surveying robot for the Wi-Fi 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands. The preliminary results show that using only 20 Wi-Fi Sniffers as features for model training, the offline positioning accuracy is 2.2 m in terms of root mean squared error (RMSE). A proof-of-concept real-time online passive IPS is implemented to show that it is possible to detect the online presence of DUTs and obtain their RSSIs as online fingerprints to estimate their position.

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