期刊
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
卷 853, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158677
关键词
Landfill leachate; Antibiotic resistance genes; Hosts; Risk assessment
资金
- Natural Science Foundation of China [51608506, 51578642]
- Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing [cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0676]
- Construct Program of Discipline in Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
This study reveals the presence of abundant antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes in landfills and landfill leachate, posing a significant threat to the environment. The study focuses on the seasonal variation of three specific antibiotic resistance genes (sulI, tetO, and tetW) in Chinese municipal solid waste landfill leachates over two years. The study also identifies the bacterial hosts of these resistance genes and evaluates their risk levels. The results demonstrate the high health risk associated with antibiotic resistance in landfills, particularly in genes that are abundant in the human-associated environment, have gene mobility, and possess pathogenicity.
Landfills are reservoir of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance. Antibiotic resistance would transport to the environment through landfill leachate, posing threaten to the environment. However, long term monitoring on antibiotic resistance genes in landfill leachate transportation is limited. Furthermore, antibiotic resistance gene hosts and their risk assessment are lacking. In this study, we investigated the seasonal variation of ARGs sulI, tetO and tetW in seven Chinese municipal solid waste landfill leachates over two years (2017-2018) by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. We also evaluated the associated bacterial hosts and their risk levels based on metagenomics and omics-based framework for assessing the health risk of antimicrobial resistance genes, respectively. Because sulI, tetO and tetW are abundant and the most frequently detected ARGs in global landfill system, they are selected as target ARGs. Results showed that the relative content of target ARGs in 2017 was 100 times higher than that in 2018, suggesting ARGs attenuation. The hosts of sulI were phyla of Lentisphaerae and Proteobacteria, whereas the hosts of tetO and tetW were Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. Remarkably, the host species include pathogenic bacterium (Salmonella enterica, Labilibaculumfiliforme, Bacteroidales bacterium, Anaeromassilibacillus senegalensis, and Pseudochrobactrum sp. B5). ARGs tetO and tetW belong to the Rank II level with characters of enrichment in the human-associated environment and gene mobility, and sulI ranked as Rank VI. In addition, among 1210 known ARGs in the landfill leachate, 78 ARGs belonged to risk Rank I (enrichment in human-associated environment, gene mobility and pathogenicity), demonstrating high health risk of landfill system. These results demonstrate that antibiotic resistance in landfill and landfill leachate have high health risk and the kind of ARGs with high abundance in human-associated environment, gene mobility and pathogenicity should be paid more attention.
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