4.7 Review

Synthesis and adsorption performance of three-dimensional gels assembled by carbon nanomaterials for heavy metal removal from water: A review

期刊

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
卷 852, 期 -, 页码 -

出版社

ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158201

关键词

Editor; Baoliang Chen; Carbon nanomaterials; Three-dimensional gels; Heavy metals; Adsorption mechanisms

资金

  1. National Key Research and Development Plans of Special Project for Site soils [2019YFC1805201, 2018YFC1800602, 2018YFC1801002]
  2. Na- tional Natural Science Foundation of China [41771271, 41977111, 21637002]

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This review focuses on the removal of heavy metals from water using three-dimensional gels with carbon nanomaterials as the main building units. Various synthesis methods and adsorption performances of carbon nanomaterial-assembled gels (CNAGs) are systematically summarized and evaluated. It is concluded that composite CNAGs constructed from carbon nanomaterials with polymers or engineered nanoparticles are the most promising adsorbents for heavy metal removal from water.
This review focuses on the removal of heavy metals from water by three-dimensional gels with carbon nanomaterials as the main building units. It highlights the fundamental knowledge, most recent advances, and future prospects of carbon nanomaterial-assembled gels (CNAGs) as effective adsorbents for heavy metals in water. Various synthesis methods of CNAGs including template-assisted, self-assembly and other methods are systematically summarized and evaluated. Adsorption performances of CNAGs to typical cationic and anionic heavy metals, especially lead, cadmium, mercury, chromium, and arsenic, are thoroughly examined and discussed in detail. These analyses bring out that composite CNAGs constructed from carbon nanomaterials with polymers or other engineered nanoparticles are the most promising adsorbents for heavy metal removal from water. Current challenges and future research directions that are critical to the applications of CNAGs in the removal of heavy metals from contaminated water are outlined at the end of the review.

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