Quantifying airway remodelling for research or clinical purposes: How should we normalize for airway size?

Article Critical Care Medicine

Heterogeneity of Airway Smooth Muscle Remodeling in Asthma

Alan L. James et al.

Summary: The distribution of airway smooth muscle (ASM) remodeling in asthma varies widely within and between individuals, and is related to asthma severity. Despite the heterogeneous distribution, ASM remodeling is present in the majority of asthma cases, both in large and small airways. These findings emphasize the importance of patient-specific targeting of ASM remodeling in asthma treatment.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE (2023)

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Article Respiratory System

Growth of the airway smooth muscle layer from late gestation to childhood is mediated initially by hypertrophy and subsequently hyperplasia

Kimberley C. W. Wang et al.

Summary: This study investigates the thickening process of the airway smooth muscle (ASM) layer from fetal life to childhood, and reveals the underlying mechanisms of hypertrophy, hyperplasia, and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. The results show that ASM thickness more than doubles from late gestation to the first year of life due to ASM hypertrophy, and then grows proportionally to airway size through ASM hyperplasia until childhood. The composition of the ASM layer remains constant across age groups due to a proportional change in ECM.

RESPIROLOGY (2022)

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Article Physiology

Therapeutic response to bronchial thermoplasty: toward feasibility of patient selection based on modeling predictions

G. M. Donovan et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates the feasibility and constraints of predicting patient-specific response to bronchial thermoplasty using a computational model informed by pretreatment CT scans. The predictions were compared with functional outcomes and posttreatment CT scans. This has the potential to form the basis for improved clinical practice.

JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Physiology

Requirements and limitations of imaging airway smooth muscle throughout the lung in vivo

Michael J. Hackmann et al.

Summary: This paper investigates the feasibility of quantifying airway wall thickness using PS-OCT technology in vivo, and analyzes the constraints that airway size poses to imaging techniques as well as the impact of physiological processes on measurements through the application of a mathematical model and human biobank data.

RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology