☆ 4.8 Letter

Reply to Falconi et al.: Economic red herrings and resistance to new modeling hinder progress in assessing ethanol's land use change

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2022)

Environmental outcomes of the US Renewable Fuel Standard

Tyler J. Lark et al.

Summary: This study evaluates the realized effects of the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) in the United States through econometric analyses, land use observations, and biophysical models. The findings show that the RFS policy increased corn and crop prices, expanded corn cultivation and cropland, raised fertilizer use and water quality degradants, and resulted in higher carbon intensity of corn ethanol compared to gasoline. These tradeoffs need to be considered when making decisions about renewable energy policies and the role of corn ethanol in climate mitigation goals.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2022)

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Article Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Choices in land representation materially affect modeled biofuel carbon intensity estimates

Richard J. Plevin et al.

Summary: The representation of land has a significant impact on the carbon intensity of biofuel. Choosing different land representations can greatly influence the estimated CI-LUC in models.

JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION (2022)

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Review Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

A review of domestic land use change attributable to US biofuel policy

K. G. Austin et al.

Summary: Studies have shown that for each billion-gallon increase in biofuels, there is a range of 0.01-2.45 million acres of net cropland expansion. Empirical approaches estimating national-scale estimates fall within the range of 0.38-0.66 million acres per billion-gallon increase. The study suggests that empirical studies have a smaller range of estimates and are closer to partial equilibrium approaches.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2022)

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Editorial Material Environmental Sciences

Comment on 'Carbon Intensity of corn ethanol in the United States: state of the science'

Seth A. Spawn-Lee et al.

Summary: Researchers revised carbon intensity estimates for corn-grain ethanol, significantly reducing previous estimates to suggest a lower current estimate. However, their methodology has been criticized for filtering estimates based on unfounded criteria, potentially leading to underestimation of the actual values.

ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS (2021)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology