The pathologic changes of human placental macrophages in women with hyperglycemia in pregnancy

As the most common complication of pregnancy, hyperglycemia has a profound impact on maternal and fetal health and the long-term development of the offspring. Placental macrophages, including fetal-derived macro-phages also known as Hofbauer cells (HBCs) and placenta-associated maternal monocyte/macrophages (PAMMs), are thought to play a crucial role in regulating pregnancy and maintaining the internal environment, and are critical for fetal development. This review aims to profile existing knowledge on HBCs and PAMMs across gestation, and consider how hyperglycemia may impact their phenotype and function in pregnancy.

Automated summary

Hyperglycemia has significant effects on maternal and fetal health and long-term development of offspring during pregnancy. Placental macrophages, including HBCs and PAMMs, play a crucial role in regulating pregnancy and maintaining the internal environment. This review explores the impact of hyperglycemia on the phenotype and function of HBCs and PAMMs during pregnancy.