Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells repress renal transplant immune rejection by facilitating the APRIL phosphorylation to induce regulation B cell production

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) exert pivotal roles in suppressing immune rejection in organ transplantation. However, the function of BMSCs on immune rejection in renal transplantation remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effect and underlying mechanism of BMSCs on immune rejection in renal transplantation. Following the establishment of the re-nal allograft mouse model, the isolated primary BMSCs were injected intravenously into the recipient mice. Enzyme-linked immu-nosorbent assay, flow cytometry, hematoxylin-eosin staining, and Western blot assays were conducted to investigate BMSCs' function in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, the underlying mechanism of BMSCs on immune rejection in renal transplantation was investigated in in vivo and in vitro models. Functionally, BMSCs alleviated the immune rejection in renal transplantation mice and facilitated B cell activation and the production of IL-10+ regulatory B cells (Bregs). Furthermore, the results of mechanism studies revealed that BMSCs induced the production of IL-10+ Bregs by facilitating a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) phos-phorylation to enhance immunosuppression and repressed renal transplant rejection by promoting APRIL phosphorylation to induce IL-10+ Bregs. BMSCs prevent renal transplant rejection by facilitating APRIL phosphorylation to induce IL-10+ Bregs.

Automated summary

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) play a crucial role in suppressing immune rejection in organ transplantation. This study aimed to investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of BMSCs on immune rejection in renal transplantation. The results demonstrated that BMSCs alleviated immune rejection in renal transplantation mice by promoting B cell activation and the production of IL-10+ regulatory B cells (Bregs) via the facilitation of a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) phosphorylation. Overall, the findings suggest that BMSCs prevent renal transplant rejection through the induction of IL-10+ Bregs by facilitating APRIL phosphorylation.