Barrow entropy and stochastic gravitational wave background generated from cosmological QCD phase transition

In this work we investigate the stochastic gravitational wave background generated during the first -order cosmological QCD phase transition of the early universe in the framework of the Barrow entropy. We first derived the Barrow corrections to the expression of stochastic gravitational wave background spectrum in presence of trace anomaly. Then, by taking account of Bubble wall collisions, sound waves and magnetohydrodynamic turbulence as the sources of stochastic gravitational wave, an analysis of the influence of Barrow entropy on the total energy density and the peak signal of stochastic gravitational wave signal is carried out. Finally, we discuss the possibility of detectors for the detection of these stochastic gravitational wave signals. Our results show that effect of Barrow entropy plays an important role in the temporal evolution of temperature of the universe as a function of the Hubble parameter, which leads to the signal of stochastic gravitational wave to shift towards the lower frequency regime, making the signal of stochastic gravitational wave possible to be probed by relevant ongoing and upcoming gravitational waves experiments.(c) 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons .org /licenses /by /4 .0/). Funded by SCOAP3.

Automated summary

In this work, we investigate the stochastic gravitational wave background generated during the first-order cosmological QCD phase transition of the early universe in the framework of the Barrow entropy. We derive the Barrow corrections to the stochastic gravitational wave background spectrum and analyze the influence of Barrow entropy on the total energy density and peak signal of stochastic gravitational waves. We discuss the possibility of detecting these stochastic gravitational wave signals with relevant experiments.