VV116 versus Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir for Oral Treatment of Covid-19

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Rapid epidemic expansion of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in southern Africa

Raquel Viana et al.

Summary: The SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in southern Africa has experienced three distinct waves, driven by different variants. The recently identified Omicron variant has rapidly spread in South Africa and to numerous countries, raising global concern.

NATURE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Omicron escapes the majority of existing SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies

Yunlong Cao et al.

Summary: The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 contains 15 mutations in the receptor-binding domain, leading to evasion of over 85% of tested neutralizing antibodies. Different epitope groups of neutralizing antibodies are affected to varying degrees by single mutations of Omicron. Antibodies targeting the conserved region of sarbecovirus remain most effective against Omicron.

NATURE (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Oral Nirmatrelvir for High-Risk, Nonhospitalized Adults with Covid-19

Jennifer Hammond et al.

Summary: In high-risk, unvaccinated adults, treatment of Covid-19 with nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir can significantly reduce the risk of hospitalization and death, with good safety profile.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Early Remdesivir to Prevent Progression to Severe Covid-19 in Outpatients

R. L. Gottlieb et al.

Summary: In symptomatic, nonhospitalized high-risk Covid-19 patients, a 3-day course of remdesivir significantly reduced the risk of hospitalization or death compared to placebo, with acceptable safety profile.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of VV116, an oral nucleoside analog against SARS-CoV-2, in Chinese healthy subjects

Hong-jie Qian et al.

Summary: VV116, an oral drug candidate against SARS-CoV-2, showed satisfactory safety and tolerability in healthy subjects, with no significant impact from food intake. These findings support further investigation of VV116 in patients with COVID-19.

ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Symptom prevalence, duration, and risk of hospital admission in individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 during periods of omicron and delta variant dominance: a prospective observational study from the ZOE COVID Study

Cristina Menni et al.

Summary: This study investigated the differences in symptom prevalence, risk of hospital admission, and symptom duration between omicron and delta variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The study found that loss of smell was less common in omicron infections, sore throat was more common, and the rate of hospital admission was lower.

LANCET (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Estimating excess mortality due to the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic analysis of COVID-19-related mortality, 2020-21

Haidong Wang et al.

Summary: This study estimated excess mortality from the COVID-19 pandemic in 191 countries and territories, as well as 252 subnational units in selected countries from Jan 1, 2020, to Dec 31, 2021. The findings showed that globally, there were 18.2 million excess deaths due to the COVID-19 pandemic during this period. The highest excess mortality rates were observed in countries such as India, the USA, Russia, Mexico, Brazil, Indonesia, and Pakistan.

LANCET (2022)

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Letter Medicine, General & Internal

Shanghai's life-saving efforts against the current omicron wave of the COVID-19 pandemic

Xinxin Zhang et al.

LANCET (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Estimating global, regional, and national daily and cumulative infections with SARS-CoV-2 through Nov 14, 2021: a statistical analysis

Ryan M. Barber et al.

Summary: Timely, accurate, and comprehensive estimation of SARS-CoV-2 infection rates are crucial for understanding past infections and transmission risks. This study provided a novel approach to estimate global and location-specific infections, combining data sources and correcting biases for more reliable estimates. The findings show staggering impacts of COVID-19 on the global population, highlighting the importance of continued research and policy responses.

LANCET (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Modeling transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron in China

Jun Cai et al.

Summary: China is considering whether to continue the zero COVID-19 strategy and discussing how to minimize the impact of a nationwide outbreak on the healthcare system. A modeling study suggests that the current vaccine coverage in China is insufficient to prevent overwhelming the healthcare system, and an untreated Omicron wave could result in up to 1.55 million deaths nationwide.

NATURE MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Cell Biology

The adenosine analog prodrug ATV006 is orally bioavailable and has preclinical efficacy against parental SARS-CoV-2 and variants

Liu Cao et al.

Summary: ATV006, an orally bioavailable antiviral drug candidate, showed potent efficacy against various SARS-CoV-2 variants and reduced viral loads and lung damage in mouse models.

SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Cell Biology

Therapeutic treatment with an oral prodrug of the remdesivir parental nucleoside is protective against SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis in mice

Alexandra Schafer et al.

Summary: Despite the availability of COVID-19 vaccines, the pandemic remains uncontrolled, underscoring the need for effective antivirals. This study demonstrates the antiviral activity and therapeutic efficacy of GS-621763 against SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV, highlighting its potential as an oral antiviral treatment for COVID-19.

SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Immunology

An open, prospective cohort study of VV116 in Chinese participants infected with SARS-CoV-2 omicron variants

Yinzhong Shen et al.

Summary: VV116 is a safe and effective oral antiviral drug that shows better performance in the early onset of omicron infection.

EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS (2022)

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Letter Infectious Diseases

Fighting Omicron epidemic in China: Real-world big data from Fangcang shelter hospital during the outbreak in Shanghai

Lingying Ye et al.

JOURNAL OF INFECTION (2022)

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Letter Cell Biology

Design and development of an oral remdesivir derivative VV116 against SARS-CoV-2

Yuanchao Xie et al.

CELL RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Effect of Bamlanivimab as Monotherapy or in Combination With Etesevimab on Viral Load in Patients With Mild to Moderate COVID-19 A Randomized Clinical Trial

Robert L. Gottlieb et al.

Summary: The study showed that treatment with bamlanivimab and etesevimab was significantly associated with a reduction in SARS-CoV-2 viral load at day 11 in nonhospitalized patients with mild to moderate COVID-19, compared to placebo. However, bamlanivimab monotherapy did not show a significant reduction in viral load. Ongoing clinical trials will focus on assessing the clinical benefits of antispike neutralizing antibodies in COVID-19 patients.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

REGEN-COV Antibody Combination and Outcomes in Outpatients with Covid-19

D. M. Weinreich et al.

Summary: REGEN-COV reduced the risk of Covid-19-related hospitalization or death, resolved symptoms, and reduced the SARS-CoV-2 viral load more rapidly than the placebo.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Antiviral pills could change pandemic’s course

Jennifer Couzin-Frankel

SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

An oral SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitor clinical candidate for the treatment of COVID-19

Dafydd R. Owen et al.

Summary: PF-07321332, an orally bioavailable SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitor, has been discovered with in vitro pan-human coronavirus antiviral activity and excellent off-target selectivity and in vivo safety profiles. This new drug has shown promise in countering the threat of COVID-19 with its oral activity and safety in clinical trials.

SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Potency and pharmacokinetics of GS-441524 derivatives against SARS-CoV-2

Daibao Wei et al.

Summary: Nucleoside metabolite GS-441524, an analog of remdesivir, shows potent anti-SARS-CoV-2 efficacy but has poor oral bioavailability in non-human primates. Various GS-441524 analogs with modifications and prodrug forms were developed, with the 7-fluoro analog 3c and certain prodrugs demonstrating moderate to excellent activities and oral bioavailabilities, providing insights for pharmacokinetic optimization.

BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (2021)

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Editorial Material Medicine, General & Internal

A living WHO guideline on drugs for covid-19

Francois Lamontagne et al.

BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (2020)

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Review Multidisciplinary Sciences

Systematic Review of Antiretroviral-Associated Lipodystrophy: Lipoatrophy, but Not Central Fat Gain, Is an Antiretroviral Adverse Drug Reaction

Renee de Waal et al.

PLOS ONE (2013)

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VV116 versus Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir for Oral Treatment of Covid-19

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