期刊
NATURE PHYSICS
卷 18, 期 12, 页码 1412-1419出版社
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41567-022-01833-3
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资金
- German Research Foundation (DFG) [CRC/TRR 288]
- Helmholtz Association [VH-NG-1242]
- Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation's EPiQS Initiative [GBMF6759, GBMF9470]
- David and Lucile Packard Foundation
- US Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-21-1-0068]
- US Department of Energy, Office of Science, National Quantum Information Science Research Centers, Quantum Systems Accelerator (QSA)
- US Department of Energy [DE-SC0021421]
- Robert A. Welch Foundation [C-2024]
- U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC0021421] Funding Source: U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
Electronic nematicity, the spontaneous reduction of rotational symmetry in a crystalline solid driven by an electronic mechanism, is an important phenomenon. Iron-based superconductors provide an ideal material platform for studying this phenomenon, and their nematic phase can be studied using a variety of experimental techniques. The understanding of nematicity is crucial for understanding superconducting pairing and normal-state properties.
The spontaneous reduction of rotational symmetry in a crystalline solid driven by an electronic mechanism is referred to as electronic nematicity. This phenomenon-initially thought to be rare-has now been observed in an increasing number of strongly interacting systems. In particular, the ubiquitous presence of nematicity in a number of unconventional superconductors suggests its importance in developing a unified understanding of their intricate phase diagrams and superconducting pairing. In this regard, the iron-based superconductors present an ideal material platform to study electronic nematicity. Their nematic transition is pronounced, it can be studied with a wide range of experimental techniques, it is easily tunable, and high-quality samples are widely available. Signatures of nematic quantum criticality near optimal dopings have been reported in almost all families of iron-based superconductors. Here we highlight how the nematic phase in this class of materials can be addressed in its full complexity, encompassing momentum-, time-, energy- and material-dependences. We also discuss a number of important open questions that pertain to how nematicity affects the superconducting pairing and normal-state properties, and intriguing quantum-critical behaviour near the nematic transition.
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