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Article
Immunology
Helene Ruffieux et al.
Summary: We analyzed detailed longitudinal phenotyping data from 215 individuals with varying disease severities to understand the biology behind individual patient responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our findings revealed distinct profiles of 'systemic recovery', including the progression and resolution of inflammatory, immune cell, metabolic, and clinical responses. We identified strong correlations between innate immune cell numbers, kynurenine metabolites, and lipid metabolites, which have implications for homeostasis restoration, risk of death, and long COVID.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Randy Q. Cron et al.
Summary: Cytokine storm syndrome (CSS) is a frequently fatal hyperinflammatory condition that has gained attention during the ongoing coronavirus pandemic. It encompasses various hyperinflammatory disorders associated with multiorgan system failure, including familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) and macrophage activation syndrome (MAS). Familial HLH is caused by genetic defects in the perforin pathway, while secondary HLH and MAS often involve NK cell dysfunction. Treatment for HLH involves targeting overactive lymphocytes and macrophages with etoposide and glucocorticoids, but more targeted and safer anticytokine approaches are becoming popular.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
[Anonymous]
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Rheumatology
Daniel D. Reiff et al.
Summary: This review provides an in-depth analysis of multisystem inflammatory disease in children (MIS-C) following COVID-19. It discusses the clinical findings, pathophysiology, imaging and laboratory studies, treatment algorithms, and disease outcomes. MIS-C can be challenging to diagnose due to its non-specific presentation, but accurate diagnosis can be achieved through common laboratory features, imaging findings, and historical clues, enabling appropriate treatment with therapies such as IVIG. Aggressive treatment leads to good outcomes, and longitudinal studies shed light on long-term cardiac sequelae and recovery.
CURRENT RHEUMATOLOGY REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jan Choutka et al.
Summary: Unexplained post-acute infection syndromes (PAISs) represent a group of chronic illnesses with overlapping clinical features with chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). This review summarizes the current knowledge of PAISs and discusses the need for basic biomedical research into the underlying mechanisms of these enigmatic chronic diseases, including the post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC).
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Miriam Merad et al.
Summary: Considerable research effort has been focused on deciphering the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infections and understanding the pathophysiology of COVID-19, including Long Covid syndrome. The hope is that knowledge gained from this research will be applied to studies of inflammatory processes in critical and chronic illnesses in the future.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kjetil Bjornevik et al.
Summary: This study suggests that multiple sclerosis may be caused by Epstein-Barr virus, with no direct association with other viral infections. These findings provide clues to the primary cause of MS.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mona Khan et al.
Summary: Anosmia, the loss of smell, is a common symptom of COVID-19, but it is caused by the virus attacking sustentacular cells in the olfactory mucosa rather than infecting olfactory sensory neurons. This suggests that SARS-CoV-2 is not a neurotropic virus.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carole H. Sudre et al.
Summary: Reports on long-lasting COVID-19 symptoms, known as 'long COVID', are increasing. Analysis of data from over 4,000 COVID-19 cases revealed that long COVID is more common in older individuals, those with higher body mass index, and females. Experiencing more than five symptoms in the first week of illness was associated with long COVID. A simple model showed promise in distinguishing between short and long COVID cases early in the disease.
Review
Pediatrics
Lauren A. Henderson et al.
