Chiral Third-Harmonic Metasurface for Multiplexed Holograms

Chiral nonlinear metasurfaces could natively synergize nonlinear wavefront manipulation and circular dichroism, offering enhanced capacity for multifunctional and multiplexed nonlinear metasurfaces. However, it is still quite challenging to simultaneously enable strong chiral response, precise wavefront control, high nonlinear conversion efficiency, and independent functions on spins and chirality. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate multiplexed third-harmonic (TH) holograms with four channels based on a chiral Au-ZnO hybrid metasurface. Specifically, the left-and right-handed circularly polarized (LCP and RCP) components of the TH holographic images can be designed independently under the excitation of an LCP (or RCP) fundamental beam. In addition, the TH conversion efficiency is measured to be as large as 10-5, which is 8.6 times stronger than that of a bare ZnO film with the same thickness. Thus, our work provides a promising platform for realizing efficient and multifunctional nonlinear nanodevices.

Automated summary

We propose and demonstrate a multiplexed third-harmonic hologram with four channels based on a chiral Au-ZnO hybrid metasurface. The metasurface allows for independent design of left- and right-handed circularly polarized components of the holographic images, and achieves high nonlinear conversion efficiency. This provides a promising platform for efficient and multifunctional nonlinear nanodevices.