☆ 4.7 Article

Omicron variant: Current insights and future directions

MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH (2022)

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Neutralizing antibody levels are highly predictive of immune protection from symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection

David S. Khoury et al.

Summary: The level of neutralizing antibodies is closely related to immune protection against COVID-19, playing a crucial role in protecting against detected infection and severe infection. Studies have shown that neutralizing titers will decline over time after vaccination, leading to decreased protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

NATURE MEDICINE (2021)

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Review Infectious Diseases

Modes of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and evidence for preventive behavioral interventions

Lucas Zhou et al.

Summary: During the global vaccination rollout, it is crucial to thoroughly understand the modes of transmission of the virus to prevent further spread; SARS-CoV-2 is primarily transmitted among humans through respiratory droplets, with environmental factors also playing a role; Wearing masks, maintaining social distancing, and washing hands are effective public health strategies in reducing the risk of exposure and transmission.

BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Revealing the Threat of Emerging SARS-CoV-2 Mutations to Antibody Therapies

Jiahui Chen et al.

Summary: The ongoing vaccination and development of intervention offer hope to end the global COVID-19 pandemic, but emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants could compromise existing vaccines and antibody therapies. Studies on potential threats from mutations are limited, and the impact on clinical trial antibodies is largely unknown.

JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Reduced sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 variant Delta to antibody neutralization

Delphine Planas et al.

Summary: The SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617 Delta variant, first identified in India in 2020, has become dominant in some regions and is spreading to many countries. This variant shows resistance to certain monoclonal antibodies and antibodies in convalescent sera, as well as reduced neutralization by some COVID-19 vaccines. Administration of two doses of the vaccine is needed for a neutralizing response against the Delta variant.

NATURE (2021)

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Review Microbiology

SARS-CoV-2 variants, spike mutations and immune escape

William T. Harvey et al.

Summary: The evolution of SARS-CoV-2 has been characterized by the emergence of mutations and variants that impact virus characteristics. Manufacturers are preparing for possible updates to vaccines in response to changes in the virus population, and it is crucial to monitor genetic and antigenic changes alongside experiments to understand the impacts of mutations.

NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

SARS-CoV-2 escape from a highly neutralizing COVID-19 convalescent plasma

Emanuele Andreano et al.

Summary: Research suggests that SARS-CoV-2 has the potential to generate variants resistant to neutralizing antibodies, and computational modeling predicts that these variants may prevent binding of neutralizing antibodies. Therefore, the development of vaccines and antibodies capable of controlling emerging variants is crucial.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2021)

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Review Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

An overview of SARS-COV-2 epidemiology, mutant variants, vaccines, and management strategies

Tahmeena Farooqi et al.

Summary: The emergence of novel coronavirus strains like SARS-CoV-2 has greatly impacted global life, making vaccine development crucial for protection against mutant variants. Research on COVID-19 should focus on pathophysiology, epidemiology, vaccine candidates, efficacy, and management strategies to combat the infection.

JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND PUBLIC HEALTH (2021)

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Article Microbiology

SARS-CoV-2 variant prediction and antiviral drug design are enabled by RBD in vitro evolution

Jiri Zahradnik et al.

Summary: In vitro evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor-binding domain successfully generated a high-affinity variant effective in inhibiting virus infection. Mutations present in more transmissible viruses were preferentially selected, and increased affinity to ACE2 was positively correlated with the incidence of RBD mutations in the population. The study also identified mutations with potential higher infectivity, and the high-affinity RBD variant showed efficacy in inhibiting infection in vitro and reducing clinical disease in a hamster model of SARS-CoV-2 challenge.

NATURE MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Immunology

Early cross-coronavirus reactive signatures of humoral immunity against COVID-19

Paulina Kaplonek et al.

Summary: The introduction of vaccines has brought hope in the fight against SARS-CoV-2, but the emergence of viral variants has increased uncertainty. Antibodies are currently the most effective immune response, and cross-coronavirus immunity is crucial in combating COVID-19.

SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Immunology

mRNA Vaccines Enhance Neutralizing Immunity against SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Convalescent and ChAdOx1-Primed Subjects

Dorit Fabricius et al.

Summary: The study found that mRNA vaccines induced stronger cellular and serological immune responses, including neutralizing capacity against VOCs, compared to ChAdOx1-nCoV-19. Booster immunizations with mRNA vaccines triggered strong and broadly neutralizing antibody and IFN-gamma responses in 100% of vaccinated individuals, especially for those with prior COVID-19 or ChAdOx1-nCoV-19 vaccination.

VACCINES (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

COVID-19: Unmasking Emerging SARS-CoV-2 Variants, Vaccines and Therapeutic Strategies

Renuka Raman et al.

Summary: SARS-CoV-2 is the cause of the COVID-19 pandemic, with its variants posing challenges to containment efforts. Individuals with dysregulated immune response and comorbidities are more susceptible to infection, and research on various vaccines and treatments is ongoing to address this challenge.

BIOMOLECULES (2021)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant: Characteristics and prevention

Xuemei He et al.

Summary: The new SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.529 named Omicron, reported in South Africa, has raised global concerns after being designated as a variant of concern by the WHO. With a high number of mutations, including 15 in the spike receptor-binding domain, the Omicron variant shares similarities with previous VOCs, sparking worries about its transmissibility and immune evasion.

MEDCOMM (2021)

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Letter Veterinary Sciences

The threat of the spread of SARS-CoV-2 variants in animals

D. Katterine Bonilla-Aldana et al.

VETERINARY QUARTERLY (2021)

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Article Immunology

Monitoring SARS-CoV-2 Circulation and Diversity through Community Wastewater Sequencing, the Netherlands and Belgium

Ray Izquierdo-Lara et al.

Summary: This study evaluated the diversity of SARS-CoV-2 at the community level in the Netherlands and Belgium using sewage samples, identifying the presence of prevalent clades and clustering of sewage samples with clinical samples from the same region. Additionally, novel mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 genome were detected, illustrating the potential of wastewater surveillance in tracking virus diversity and new outbreaks.

EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Review Urology & Nephrology

Evolution of SARS-CoV-2: Review of Mutations, Role of the Host Immune System

Helene Banoun

Summary: The article emphasizes on the mutations that have occurred in the virus since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the cross-reactivity between common cold coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2 in a majority of the population. Important evolutionary mutations have emerged in genes encoding proteins that interact with the host immune system, such as viral polymerase. The relationship between cross-reactivity and viral mutations may partly explain the evolution of the pandemic until the summer of 2020.

NEPHRON (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

Complete map of SARS-CoV-2 RBD mutations that escape the monoclonal antibody LY-CoV555 and its cocktail with LY-CoV016

Tyler N. Starr et al.

Summary: The study mapped mutations to the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain that escape binding by certain monoclonal antibodies. These mutations are concentrated in specific lineages of SARS-CoV-2. The authors suggest diversifying the epitopes targeted by antibodies and antibody cocktails to make them more resilient to SARS-CoV-2 antigenic evolution.

CELL REPORTS MEDICINE (2021)

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Review Immunology

Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies for treatment of COVID-19

Peter C. Taylor et al.

Summary: The study discusses the clinical utility of neutralizing monoclonal antibody therapies targeting SARS-CoV-2, emphasizing the importance of patient stratification, biomarkers, risk factors, and other clinical considerations.

NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Prediction and mitigation of mutation threats to COVID-19 vaccines and antibody therapies

Jiahui Chen et al.

Summary: This study examines the impact of mutations on the spike protein of COVID-19, particularly on vaccines and antibody therapies. The research findings reveal that certain mutations may weaken the binding between the spike protein and antibodies, potentially reducing the efficacy of current treatments. Moreover, it is discovered that some mutations could enhance the binding between the spike protein and human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), leading to more infectious variants of the virus.

CHEMICAL SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Clinical characteristics and imaging manifestations of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19):A multi-center study in Wenzhou city, Zhejiang, China

Wenjie Yang et al.

JOURNAL OF INFECTION (2020)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding

Roujian Lu et al.

LANCET (2020)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Can we contain the COVID-19 outbreak with the same measures as for SARS?

Annelies Wilder-Smith et al.

LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2020)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China

W. Guan et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Structure, Function, and Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein

Alexandra C. Walls et al.

CELL (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor

Markus Hoffmann et al.

CELL (2020)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Evolutionary analysis of SARS-CoV-2: how mutation of Non-Structural Protein 6 (NSP6) could affect viral autophagy

Domenico Benvenuto et al.

JOURNAL OF INFECTION (2020)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Emerging SARS-CoV-2 mutation hot spots include a novel RNA-dependent-RNA polymerase variant

Maria Pachetti et al.

JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain bound to the ACE2 receptor

Jun Lan et al.

NATURE (2020)

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Review Microbiology

Coronavirus Disease 2019-COVID-19

Kuldeep Dhama et al.

CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS (2020)

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Review Immunology

Cell-Mediated Immune Responses to COVID-19 Infection

Amelie Guihot et al.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2020)

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Article Virology

Evaluation of rapid antigen test for detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus

Gannon C. K. Mak et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Mutations Strengthened SARS-CoV-2 Infectivity

Jiahui Chen et al.

JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (2020)

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Letter Medicine, Research & Experimental

The importance of cell-mediated immunity in COVID-19-An opinion

Henna Iqbal

MEDICAL HYPOTHESES (2020)

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Review Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

SARS-CoV-2 reinfection and implications for vaccine development

Firzan Nainu et al.

HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS (2020)

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Review Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

Grand Challenges in Bio-Nanotechnology to Manage the COVID-19 Pandemic

Praveena Paliwal et al.

FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY (2020)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Receptor-binding domain-specific human neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2

Fei Yu et al.

SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY (2020)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Applications of genome editing technology in the targeted therapy of human diseases: mechanisms, advances and prospects

Hongyi Li et al.

SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY (2020)

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Review Psychiatry

The outbreak of COVID-19 coronavirus and its impact on global mental health

Julio Torales et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY (2020)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

Alpha Helices Are More Robust to Mutations than Beta Strands

Gyorgy Abrusan et al.

PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY (2016)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Emergence of Pathogenic Coronaviruses in Cats by Homologous Recombination between Feline and Canine Coronaviruses

Yutaka Terada et al.

PLOS ONE (2014)

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Article Virology

Relationship between within-Host Fitness and Virulence in the Vesicular Stomatitis Virus: Correlation with Partial Decoupling

Victoria Furio et al.

JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY (2012)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Arabidopsis H+-PPase AVP1 regulates auxin-mediated organ development

JS Li et al.

SCIENCE (2005)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Identification of two critical amino acid residues of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein for its variation in zoonotic tropism transition via a double substitution strategy

XX Qu et al.

JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY (2005)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Cross-host evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in palm civet and human

HD Song et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2005)

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