Microbiota and hepatitis C virus in the era of direct-acting antiviral agents

The gut microbiota plays a fundamental role in Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)-related liver disease. Indeed, HCV infection alters the gut microbiota, whereas intestinal dysbiosis induces an underlying inflammatory state. This status may lead to liver disease progression. The advent of direct acting antivirals (DAAs) was a turning point in the history of HCV infection, which enhances the chances of recovery. Beyond the elimination of the virus, DAA therapy can affect the gut microbiota of the HCV patient. The study of the gut microbiota in the patient with HCV-related liver disease could be the first step in understanding the etiopathogenesis of hepatopathy thereby opening the way to new therapeutic opportunities. Herein we evaluate current knowledge regarding the gut microbiota in patients with HCV infection and the impact of DAA therapy.

Automated summary

The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in HCV-related liver disease. HCV infection alters the gut microbiota, leading to an inflammatory state which can progress the liver disease. Direct acting antivirals (DAAs) not only eliminate the virus but also impact the gut microbiota of HCV patients. Understanding the gut microbiota in HCV-related liver disease is important for exploring new therapeutic opportunities.