Organoids/organs-on-a-chip: new frontiers of intestinal pathophysiological models

Organoids/organs-on-a-chip open up new frontiers for basic and clinical research of intestinal diseases. Species-specific differences hinder research on animal models, while organoids are emerging as powerful tools due to self-organization from stem cells and the reproduction of the functional properties in vivo. Organs-on-a-chip is also accelerating the process of faithfully mimicking the intestinal microenvironment. And by combining organoids and organ-on-a-chip technologies, they further are expected to serve as innovative preclinical tools and could outperform traditional cell culture models or animal models in the future. Above all, organoids/organs-on-a-chip with other strategies like genome editing, 3D printing, and organoid biobanks contribute to modeling intestinal homeostasis and disease. Here, the current challenges and future trends in intestinal pathophysiological models will be summarized.

Automated summary

Organoids and organs-on-a-chip are opening new frontiers in the research of intestinal diseases, providing powerful tools due to their self-organization from stem cells and reproduction of functional properties. They also accelerate the mimicking of the intestinal microenvironment and are expected to outperform traditional models in the future. Combined with other strategies, such as genome editing and 3D printing, they contribute to modeling intestinal homeostasis and disease. This article summarizes the current challenges and future trends in intestinal pathophysiological models.