The Prevalence and Manifestation of Wing De-melanization in the Eastern Carpenter Bee (Hymenoptera, Apidae Xylocopa virginica) Associated with Urban Areas

Article Evolutionary Biology

Socio-eco-evolutionary dynamics in cities

Simone Des Roches et al.

Summary: Cities are complex systems regulated by interactions between nature and human society. Characteristics of human society create a heterogeneous environment that influences and is influenced by ecological and evolutionary processes. Urban ecology and evolutionary biology research focuses on contemporary evolution of species with ecological and social significance, but rarely fully integrate human social patterns and processes.

EVOLUTIONARY APPLICATIONS (2021)

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Review Ecology

Adaptive Evolution in Citites: Progress and Misconceptions

Max R. Lambert et al.

Summary: Despite current narratives suggesting pervasive urban adaptation across taxa and cities, a review of hundreds of studies revealed only six comprehensive examples of species adaptively evolving to urbanization. Urban environments pose diverse and interacting selective pressures that challenge the limits of adaptation, offering unique opportunities for addressing fundamental questions in evolutionary biology and conserving biodiversity in cities. Capitalizing on these opportunities requires appropriate research methods and accurate narrative dissemination.

TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION (2021)

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Article Physiology

High-Elevation Populations of Montane Grasshoppers Exhibit Greater Developmental Plasticity in Response to Seasonal Cues

Julia M. Smith et al.

Summary: The sensitivity of insect populations to environmental conditions can impact their growth, development, and performance. High-elevation and season-limited populations exhibit developmental plasticity, enabling them to advance or prolong development in specific conditions, consistent with field phenology. This plasticity is driven by increased thermal sensitivity of development under short day conditions early in the season.

FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY (2021)

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Review Ecology

Evolution in Cities

Sarah E. Diamond et al.

Summary: Research conducted in urban settings may not reveal new evolutionary mechanisms, but it offers unique opportunities to explore evolutionary forces and address classic questions in new ways. Careful alignment between urban use and research questions is crucial for maximizing insights. By developing a framework, progress in urban evolution research has been highlighted, and future research directions have been identified for further expansion to tackle new and longstanding evolutionary biology questions. Urban environments can serve as evolutionary test beds for addressing a wide range of evolutionary questions.

ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECOLOGY, EVOLUTION, AND SYSTEMATICS, VOL 52, 2021 (2021)

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Article Biology

Observing the Observers: How Participants Contribute Data to iNaturalist and Implications for Biodiversity Science

Grace J. Di Cecco et al.

Summary: The availability and use of citizen science data, particularly on platforms like iNaturalist, have increased in biodiversity science applications. However, a study on iNaturalist observations revealed spatial and temporal biases, as well as user behaviors where individuals tend to specialize on specific taxonomic groups and rarely observe the same species twice. Biodiversity scientists should be cautious of potential systematic biases in their analyses when utilizing iNaturalist data.

BIOSCIENCE (2021)

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Article Entomology