Epidemiological study of capillary malformation among 7299 infants under 1 year of age in China

BackgroundCapillary malformation (CM) is the most common vascular malformation. Large scale studies on its incidence and risk factors are limited in China. ObjectiveOur study aimed to investigate the incidence of CM in Chinese infants and to evaluate its potential risk factors. MethodsA cross-sectional study, including 7299 infants (aged < 1 year) were collected by a self-administered questionnaire. Independent-samples T tests or chi(2) tests and multivariable logistic models were used to examine the potential risk factors for CM. ResultsThe incidences of salmon patches and port-wine stains (PWSs) were 9.10% and 0.80%, respectively. In analyses, male sex (OR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.12-1.55) and birth hypoxia (OR: 5.61, 95% CI: 4.39-7.16) were risk factors for salmon patches. Birth hypoxia (OR: 12.58, 95% CI: 7.26-21.79) and pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome (PIH; OR: 3.66, 95% CI: 1.49-8.99) were associated with a higher risk of PWSs. ConclusionThis epidemiological study had the largest sample size of infants with CM in the world thus far, which updated its incidence in Chinese infants and found the potential risk factors for CM.

Automated summary

This study investigated the incidence and potential risk factors of capillary malformation (CM) in Chinese infants. The results showed that the incidences of salmon patches and port-wine stains were 9.10% and 0.80%, respectively. Male sex and birth hypoxia were risk factors for salmon patches, while birth hypoxia and pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome were associated with a higher risk of port-wine stains.