☆ 4.4 Article

The thermodynamic limit of an ideal Bose gas by asymptotic expansions and spectral ζ-functions

JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS (2022)

Proper condensates

Detlev Buchholz

Summary: This article proposes a novel characterization method for Bose-Einstein condensates, focusing on regular excitations with bounded numbers instead of dominant modes. It identifies subspaces of regular wave functions and determines the wave functions of particles forming proper condensates. The concept of proper condensates is compared with the Onsager-Penrose criterion and shown to be useful in the analysis of condensates.

JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS (2022)

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Article Physics, Mathematical