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Active DNA demethylation in plants: 20 years of discovery and beyond

期刊

JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY
卷 64, 期 12, 页码 2217-2239

出版社

WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13423

关键词

abiotic stress response; base excision repair; DNA demethylation; DNA methylation; histone modification; plant growth and development; plant microbe interaction

资金

  1. Excellent Young Scientist Fund of NSFC
  2. Strategic Priority Research Program of CAS
  3. Shanghai Agriculture Applied Technology Development Program, China
  4. National Key R&D Program of China
  5. [31922008]
  6. [XDB27040108]
  7. [X20200101]
  8. [2021YFA1300401]

向作者/读者索取更多资源

Maintaining proper DNA methylation levels in the genome requires active demethylation of DNA. The discovery of the first eukaryotic DNA demethylase ROS1 in Arabidopsis thaliana has greatly expanded our understanding of the active DNA demethylation pathway and its regulation and biological functions in plants.
Maintaining proper DNA methylation levels in the genome requires active demethylation of DNA. However, removing the methyl group from a modified cytosine is chemically difficult and therefore, the underlying mechanism of demethylation had remained unclear for many years. The discovery of the first eukaryotic DNA demethylase, Arabidopsis thaliana REPRESSOR OF SILENCING 1 (ROS1), led to elucidation of the 5-methylcytosine base excision repair mechanism of active DNA demethylation. In the 20 years since ROS1 was discovered, our understanding of this active DNA demethylation pathway, as well as its regulation and biological functions in plants, has greatly expanded. These exciting developments have laid the groundwork for further dissecting the regulatory mechanisms of active DNA demethylation, with potential applications in epigenome editing to facilitate crop breeding and gene therapy.

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