期刊
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
卷 228, 期 2, 页码 185-195出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad015
关键词
influenza; COVID-19; bias; test-negative design; vaccine effectiveness
During the 2021-2022 United States influenza season with predominant influenza A(H3N2) virus circulation, vaccine effectiveness against influenza-associated emergency department/urgent care encounters and hospitalizations were both 25%, with effectiveness varying by age group and presence of immunocompromising conditions.
Background Following historically low influenza activity during the 2020-2021 season, the United States saw an increase in influenza circulating during the 2021-2022 season. Most viruses belonged to the influenza A(H3N2) 3C.2a1b 2a.2 subclade. Methods We conducted a test-negative case-control analysis among adults >= 18 years of age at 3 sites within the VISION Network. Encounters included emergency department/urgent care (ED/UC) visits or hospitalizations with >= 1 acute respiratory illness (ARI) discharge diagnosis codes and molecular testing for influenza. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was calculated by comparing the odds of influenza vaccination >= 14 days before the encounter date between influenza-positive cases (type A) and influenza-negative and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-negative controls, applying inverse probability-to-be-vaccinated weights, and adjusting for confounders. Results In total, 86 732 ED/UC ARI-associated encounters (7696 [9%] cases) and 16 805 hospitalized ARI-associated encounters (649 [4%] cases) were included. VE against influenza-associated ED/UC encounters was 25% (95% confidence interval (CI), 20%-29%) and 25% (95% CI, 11%-37%) against influenza-associated hospitalizations. VE against ED/UC encounters was lower in adults >= 65 years of age (7%; 95% CI, -5% to 17%) or with immunocompromising conditions (4%; 95% CI, -45% to 36%). Conclusions During an influenza A(H3N2)-predominant influenza season, modest VE was observed. These findings highlight the need for improved vaccines, particularly for A(H3N2) viruses that are historically associated with lower VE. During the 2021-2022 United States influenza season with predominant influenza A(H3N2) virus circulation, vaccine effectiveness against influenza-associated emergency department/urgent care encounters and hospitalizations were both 25%, with effectiveness varying by age group and presence of immunocompromising conditions.
作者
我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。
推荐
暂无数据