4.7 Article

Reductions in leaf area index, pod production, seed size, and harvest index drive yield loss to high temperatures in soybean

期刊

JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
卷 74, 期 5, 页码 1629-1641

出版社

OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac503

关键词

Climate change; Glycine max; harvest index; leaf area index; temperature stress; yield

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Improvements in genetics, technology, and agricultural intensification have increased soybean yields, but adverse climate conditions may hinder further progress. This study found that high temperature has a nonlinear impact on yield, with decreases observed when canopy temperature exceeds a threshold. In the US Midwest, increased temperature reduces soybean yields through reduced leaf area, fewer pods per node, smaller seeds, and decreased harvest index.
Improvements in genetics, technology, and agricultural intensification have increased soybean yields; however, adverse climate conditions may prevent these gains from being fully realized in the future. Higher growing season temperatures reduce soybean yields in key production regions including the US Midwest, and better understanding of the developmental and physiological mechanisms that constrain soybean yield under high temperature conditions is needed. This study tested the response of two soybean cultivars to four elevated temperature treatments (+1.7, +2.6, +3.6, and +4.8 degrees C) in the field over three growing seasons and identified threshold temperatures for response and linear versus non-linear trait responses to temperature. Yield declined non-linearly to temperature, with decreases apparent when canopy temperature exceeded 20.9 degrees C for the locally adapted cultivar and 22.7 degrees C for a cultivar adapted to more southern locations. While stem node number increased with increasing temperature, leaf area index decreased substantially. Pod production, seed size, and harvest index significantly decreased with increasing temperature. The seasonal average temperature of even the mildest treatment exceeded the threshold temperatures for yield loss, emphasizing the importance of improving temperature tolerance in soybean germplasm with intensifying climate change. Soybean yields in the US Midwest are reduced by increased temperature, with yield reductions driven by lower leaf area index, fewer pods per node, smaller seeds, and decreased harvest index.

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