Photocatalytic activity of visible-light-driven L-Proline-TiO2/BiOBr nanostructured materials for dyes degradation: The role of generated reactive species

L-Proline (2%)-TiO2/BiOBr (30%) nanocomposite was synthesized to obtain high photocatalytic performance in the visible light region and infrared radiation(IR) for methylene blue (MB) and congo red (CR) removal from the contaminated wastewater. L-Proline (2%)-TiO2/BiOBr (30%) photocatalyst with strong absorption near IR wavelength and high charge separation ability was fabricated for the first time. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM)/Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectrum (DRS), photoluminescence (PL) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) char-acterization techniques show that the visible driven nanocomposite was successfully synthesized. According to the UV-DRS analysis, the estimated band gaps for the L-proline (2%)-TiO2 and L-Proline (2%)-TiO2/BiOBr (30%) nanostructures were respectively 2.3 eV and 2.1 eV.The nanoparticles exhibited enhanced photocatalytic activity (93-100%) and high mineralization efficiency (71-89% TOC removal) for both the dyes. The best photocatalytic activity was achieved by adding 2 wt% of L-Proline and 30 wt% of BiOBr into TiO2 sol. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to find significant parameters and their optimum values for maximum degradation, which show pH, dye concentration, irradiation time, and catalyst dosage for both the dyes are significant. The best photocatalytic degradation efficiency was achieved at the optimum conditions of pH = 7.7, catalyst dosage = 0.71 g/L, irradiation time = 142 and dye concentration = 11 mg/L for MB. Scavenger study showed that center dot OH radicals are responsible for the degradation process.

Automated summary

L-Proline (2%)-TiO2/BiOBr (30%) nanocomposite was synthesized and showed high photocatalytic performance in visible light and infrared radiation for the removal of methylene blue and congo red from contaminated wastewater. The addition of L-Proline and BiOBr to TiO2 sol improved the photocatalytic activity and the nanocomposite showed strong absorption near infrared wavelengths.